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  2. Antepartum stillbirth, i.e., intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) above 24 weeks of gestation, occurs with a prevalence of 2.4–3.1 per 1000 live births in Central Europe. In order to ensure highest standards of tre...

    Authors: Dana A. Muin, Sabrina Neururer, Veronika Rotter, Hermann Leitner, Stephanie Leutgeb, Peter W. Husslein, Herbert Kiss and Petra Kohlberger

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:528

    Content type: Research article

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  3. For most women who have had a previous cesarean section, vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) is a reasonable and safe choice, but which will increase the risk of adverse outcomes such as uterine ruptur...

    Authors: Yang Mi, Pengfei Qu, Na Guo, Ruimiao Bai, Jiayi Gao, Zhengfeei Ma, Yiping He, Caili Wang and Xiaoqin Luo

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:527

    Content type: Research

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  4. This study aimed to explore the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to determine the risk factors for IR in women ...

    Authors: Jing Lin, Hua Jin and Lei Chen

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:526

    Content type: Research

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  5. Globally 90 % of transmission of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is from mother-to child and occurs predominantly in resource limited countries where the prevalence of HBV is high. Transmission could be interrupted by...

    Authors: M. Bierhoff, A. H. Hashmi, C. Pateekhum, W. Jiraporncharoen, W. Wiwattanacharoen, MK Paw, F. H. Nosten, M. J. Rijken, M. Van Vugt, R. McGready and C. Angkurawaranon

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:525

    Content type: Research

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  7. Woman-centred care is recognised as a fundamental construct of midwifery practice yet to date, there has been no validated tool available to measure it. This study aims to develop and test a self-report tool t...

    Authors: Deborah L. Davis, Debra K. Creedy, Zoe Bradfield, Elizabeth Newnham, Marjorie Atchan, Lorna Davie, Judith McAra-Couper, Kristen Graham, Christine Griffiths, Linda Sweet and Virginia Stulz

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:523

    Content type: Research

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  8. Postpartum depression is one of the most commonly experienced psychological disorders for women after childbirth, usually occurring within one year. This study aimed to clarify whether women with delivery with...

    Authors: Nobuhiro Suzumori, Takeshi Ebara, Hazuki Tamada, Taro Matsuki, Hirotaka Sato, Sayaka Kato, Shinji Saitoh, Michihiro Kamijima and Mayumi Sugiura-Ogasawara

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:522

    Content type: Research

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  9. Despite numerous benefits for both mom and baby, few infants are exclusively breastfed for the recommended first six months. Additionally, infants are given solids too early. Prenatal education increases rates...

    Authors: Jennifer S. Cauble, Amy Herman, Jo Wick, Jeannine Goetz, Christine M. Daley, Debra K. Sullivan and Holly R. Hull

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:521

    Content type: Research

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  10. Mothers of premature newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have complex needs and require a significant amount of support during the NICU admission. However, little is known about mothers' suppor...

    Authors: Reza Negarandeh, Hadi Hassankhani, Mahnaz Jabraeili, Mohammad Abbaszadeh and Amy Best

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:520

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Self-reported maternal complications are associated with maternal morbidity, deliveries by C-section, postpartum depression, and maternal death. Thus, it is necessary to examine the contribution of socio-demog...

    Authors: Pradeep Kumar, Shobhit Srivastava, Chanda Maurya and Preeti Dhillon

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:519

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Delivery in unsafe and unsupervised conditions is common in developing countries including Ghana. Over the years, the Government of Ghana has attempted to improve maternal and child healthcare services includi...

    Authors: Veronica Millicent Dzomeku, Precious Adade Duodu, Joshua Okyere, Livingstone Aduse-Poku, Nutifafa Eugene Yaw Dey, Adwoa Bemah Boamah Mensah, Emmanuel Kweku Nakua, Pascal Agbadi and Jerry John Nutor

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:518

    Content type: Research

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  13. The birth of a child entails major changes in a woman’s life. In the perinatal period, the woman is particularly susceptible to emotional problems. The objective of the present paper was to investigate the rel...

    Authors: Grażyna Iwanowicz-Palus, Agnieszka Marcewicz and Agnieszka Bień

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:517

    Content type: Research article

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  14. The objective of this analysis was to observe whether maternal and perinatal/neonatal outcomes of birth vary by timing of repeat cesarean among women with a history of one prior cesarean birth in a Guatemalan ...

    Authors: Margo S. Harrison, Ana Garces, Lester Figueroa, Jamie Westcott, Michael Hambidge and Nancy F. Krebs

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:516

    Content type: Research

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  15. In light of the pandemic, pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to increased psychological distress and in need of imperative preventive measures. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the pandemi...

    Authors: Mona Hashim, Ayla Coussa, Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri, Amina Al Marzouqi, Samer Cheaib, Anastasia Salame, Dima O. Abu Jamous, Farah Naja, Hayder Hasan, Lily Stojanovska, Maysm N. Mohamad, Mo’ath F. Bataineh, MoezAlIslam E. Faris, Rameez Al Daour, Reyad S. Obaid, Sheima T. Saleh…

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:515

    Content type: Research

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  16. In Japan, the numbers of deliveries by women of older maternal age and women with overweight or obesity have recently increased. Since 2008, the guidelines and practices to prevent the maternal venous thromboe...

    Authors: Mamoru Morikawa, Tomoko Adachi, Atsuo Itakura, Masafumi Nii, Yasushi Nakabayashi and Takao Kobayashi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:514

    Content type: Research

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  18. To better understand previously observed racial/ethnic disparities in perinatal depression treatment rates we examined care engagement factors across and within race/ethnicity.

    Authors: Esti Iturralde, Crystal A. Hsiao, Linda Nkemere, Ai Kubo, Stacy A. Sterling, Tracy Flanagan and Lyndsay A. Avalos

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:512

    Content type: Research

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  19. Although the World Health Organization and health authorities in most countries recommend that pregnant women receive inactivated influenza virus vaccines, coverage remains low. This study aimed to investigate...

    Authors: Byung Soo Kang, San Ha Lee, Woo Jeng Kim, Jeong Ha Wie, In Yang Park and Hyun Sun Ko

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:511

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Multiple gestations are associated with an increased incidence of preeclampsia. However, there exists no evidence for an association between multiple gestations and development of hypertension(HTN) later in li...

    Authors: Geum Joon Cho, Un Suk Jung, Ho Yeon Kim, Soo Bin Lee, Minjeong Kim, Ki-Hoon Ahn, Sung Won Han, Soon-Cheol Hong, Hai-Joong Kim, Younghan Kim and Min-Jeong Oh

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:510

    Content type: Research

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  21. China has one of the world’s largest internal migrant populations. The Chinese Hukou system is a unique household registration system that limits internal migrants in their access to basic urban public service...

    Authors: Di Tang, Xiangdong Gao and Peter C. Coyte

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:509

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are the leading cause of maternal mortality in Indonesia. Focused HDP management pathways for Indonesian primary care practice have been developed from a consensus dev...

    Authors: Fitriana Murriya Ekawati, Ova Emilia, Jane Gunn, Sharon Licqurish and Phyllis Lau

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:507

    Content type: Research article

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  24. The burden of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality is a global health concern with the highest burden documented after childbirth in women and babies living in sub-Saharan Africa. To date, there is l...

    Authors: Caitlin Lythgoe, Kirsty Lowe, Mary McCauley and Hannah McCauley

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:506

    Content type: Research

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  25. Evidence on the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy is generally reassuring but yet not definitive.

    Authors: Marta Ruggiero, Edgardo Somigliana, Beatrice Tassis, Letizia Li Piani, Sara Uceda Renteria, Giussy Barbara, Giovanna Lunghi, Carlo Pietrasanta and Enrico Ferrazzi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:505

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Every day, at least 810 women die worldwide from the complications of pregnancy and childbirth, 86% of which occurring in Southern Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. One of the contributing factors for these problem...

    Authors: Misganaw Fikrie Melesse, Yibelu Bazezew Bitewa, Kumneger Nigussie Dessie, Demeke Binalf Wondim and Tefera Marie Bereka

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:504

    Content type: Research

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  27. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and has severe consequences on the well-being of mothers, new-borns, families, and communities. PPD reduces the mother’s response to the...

    Authors: Catherine Atuhaire, Godfrey Zari Rukundo, Grace Nambozi, Joseph Ngonzi, Daniel Atwine, Samuel Nambile Cumber and Laura Brennaman

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:503

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Depression is a serious mental health disorder that might affect women in the childbearing period. Incidences increase during pregnancy as well as after delivery. Its association with intimate partner violence...

    Authors: Hanan M. Ghoneim, Mohamed Elprince, Tamer Yehia M. Ali, Waleed F. Gharieb and Amal A. Ahmed

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:502

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Postpartum depression is fairly common in new mothers and moreover associated with impaired bonding and poor maternal well-being. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of a mother-infant s...

    Authors: Verena Wulff, Philip Hepp, Oliver T. Wolf, Tanja Fehm and Nora K. Schaal

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:501

    Content type: Research article

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  30. South Asian women are at a high risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus than other women in Australia. Gestational diabetes affects up to 14–19% of all pregnancies among South Asian, South East Asian,...

    Authors: Mridula Bandyopadhyay

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:500

    Content type: Research article

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  31. There is increasing pressure to get women and babies home rapidly after birth. Babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) currently get 24-h inpatient monitoring. We investigated whether a...

    Authors: Esther H. G. Park, Frances O’Brien, Fiona Seabrook and Jane Elizabeth Hirst

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:499

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Haemoglobin genotype screening at prenatal care offers women an opportunity to be aware of their genotype, receive education on sickle cell disease (SCD) and may increase maternal demand for SCD newborn screen...

    Authors: Osita U. Ezenwosu, Ijeoma U. Itanyi, Obiageli E. Nnodu, Amaka G. Ogidi, Fabian Mgbeahurike and Echezona E. Ezeanolue

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:498

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Safe childbirth remains a daunting challenge, particularly in low-middle income countries, where most pregnancy-related deaths occur. Cameroon’s maternal mortality rate, estimated at 529 per 100,000 live birth...

    Authors: Julius Sama Dohbit, Namanou Ines Emma Woks, Carlin Héméry Koudjine, Willy Tafen, Pascal Foumane, Assumpta Lucienne Bella, Rosemary Nkemdilim Ogu and Fru Fobuzshi Angwafo III

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:497

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) seeks to identify and correct underlying causes and factors contributing to infertility and reproductive dysfunction. Many components of RRM are highly suitable for prim...

    Authors: Joseph B. Stanford, Paul A. Carpentier, Barbara L. Meier, Mark Rollo and Benjamin Tingey

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:495

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Adolescent fertility is a main indicator of the Sustainable Developmental Goal (SGD) three. Although Sri Lanka is exemplary in maternal health, the utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health services (SRH) ...

    Authors: Thilini Chanchala Agampodi, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Hemali Gayathri Jayakodi, Gayani Shashikala Amarasinghe, Janith Niwanthaka Warnasekara, Ayesh Umeshana Hettiarachchi, Imasha Upulini Jayasinghe, Iresha Sandamali Koralegedara, Sajaan Praveena Gunarathne, Dulani Kanchana Somasiri and Suneth Buddhika Agampodi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:494

    Content type: Research

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  37. A reliable expected date of delivery (EDD) is important for pregnant women in planning for a safe delivery and critical for management of obstetric emergencies. We compared the accuracy of LMP recall, an early...

    Authors: Linda Majola, Samantha Budhram, Vani Govender, Megeshinee Naidoo, Zukiswa Godlwana, Carl Lombard and Dhayendre Moodley

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:493

    Content type: Research

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  38. While the potential adverse outcomes of prenatal exposure to unhealthy lifestyle are widely evidenced, little is known about these exposures in the periconception period. We investigated the associations betwe...

    Authors: Veronique Y.F. Maas, Marjolein Poels, Marije Lamain-de Ruiter, Anneke Kwee, Mireille N. Bekker, Arie Franx and Maria P.H. Koster

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:492

    Content type: Research

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  39. Preconception care is an opportunity for detecting potential health risks in future parents and providing health behavior education to reduce morbidity and mortality for women and their offspring. Preconceptio...

    Authors: Li Du, Xuena La, Liping Zhu, Hong Jiang, Biao Xu, An Chen and Mu Li

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:491

    Content type: Research

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  40. It was reported that steroid-related gene expressions in the adipose tissue (AT) of women differ between women affected with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS. Although association between PCOS in ...

    Authors: Neda Emami, Ashraf Moini, Parichehreh Yaghmaei, Vahid Akbarinejad, Maryam Shahhoseini and AliReza Alizadeh

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:490

    Content type: Research article

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  41. To investigate the predictive value of pre-induction digital examination, sonographic measurements and parity for the prediction of non-reassuring fetal status and cord arterial pH < 7.2 prior to the induction...

    Authors: Jing Lu, Jinna Jiang, Ying Zhou and Qionghua Chen

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:489

    Content type: Research

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  42. Maternal–Fetal Attachment (MFA) describes the cognitive-representational, emotional, and behavioral aspects of the mother–fetus relationship that develops during pregnancy.

    Authors: Chiara Sacchi, Marina Miscioscia, Silvia Visentin and Alessandra Simonelli

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:488

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Caesarean section rates are rising worldwide. One adverse effect of caesarean section reported in some studies is an increased risk of subfertility. Only a few studies have assessed the relationship between th...

    Authors: Junrong Diao, Ge Gao, Yunshan Zhang, Xinyan Wang, Yinfeng Zhang, Ying Han, Aijun Du and Haining Luo

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:487

    Content type: Research

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  44. Unintended pregnancy an important public health problem in Ethiopia. It is associated with adverse physical, mental, social and economic outcomes. Identifying factors associated with unintended pregnancy may h...

    Authors: Yibeltal Alemu Bekele and Gedefaw Abeje Fekadu

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:486

    Content type: Research article

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  45. It is believed that HPV infection can result in the death of placental trophoblasts and cause miscarriages or preterm birth. In clinical cases of placental villi positive for HPV DNA reported by other authors,...

    Authors: Maria Teresa Bruno, Salvatore Caruso, Francesca Bica, Giulia Arcidiacono and Sara Boemi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:485

    Content type: Research

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  46. Estimating total body fat in public hospitals using gold-standard measurements such as air displacement plethysmography (ADP), deuterium oxide dilution, or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is unaffordabl...

    Authors: Giridhara R. Babu, Aritra Das, Eunice Lobo, Deepa R, Daisy A. John, Prashanth Thankachan, Sonalini Khetrapal, Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon and GVS Murthy

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:484

    Content type: Research

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  47. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the largest source of HIV infection in children below the age of 15 years, and more than 90% of pediatric HIV are infected through mother to child transmission. Without t...

    Authors: Tsegaye Gebremedhin, Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh, Asebe Hagos, Beimnet Desalegn and Nigusu Worku

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:483

    Content type: Research

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  48. A strategy for reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes is the expanded implementation of maternity waiting homes (MWHs). We assessed factors influencing MWH use, as well as the association between MWH stay and obs...

    Authors: Anne K. Erickson, Safa Abdalla, Alice Serenska, Bete Demeke and Gary L. Darmstadt

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:482

    Content type: Research

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  49. Women-held documents are a basic component of continuity of maternity care. The use and completion of women-held documents following discharge could improve treatment and care for postnatal women. Using a mixe...

    Authors: Tiffany Gooden, Lotta Gustafsson, Fides Lu, Faith Rickard, Alice Sitch, Carole Cummins, Kebba Manneh, Amie Wilson, Christine MacArthur and Semira Manaseki-Holland

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:479

    Content type: Research article

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