Table 2 Composite results from all three trimesters for all participants who completed FFQs, according to Energy adjusted aMED Score (those who scored below and above the median). Aggregate Nutrient Consumption is displayed as mean (SD), and compared via t-test

Range:

[0–4.0]

[4.3–7.0]

 Median [Min, Max]

26.0 [19.0, 38.0]

33.0 [24.0, 40.0]

0.030

Obesity

0.978

 Normal

10 (47.6%)

9 (47.3%)

 Overweight

5 (23.8%)

5 (26.3%)

 Obese

6 (28.6%)

5 (26.3%)

Ethnicity

0.218

 Filipino

8 (38.1%)

2 (10.5%)

 Japanese

4 (19%)

5 (26.3%)

 Native Hawai’i an

4 (19%)

7 (36.8%)

 Non-Hispanic White

5 (23.8%)

5 (26.3%)

Parity

0.672

 Nulliparous

11 (52.4%)

11 (57.9%)

 Primaparous

8 (38.1%)

5 (26.3%)

 Multiparous

2 (9.5%)

3 (15.7%)

Pregnancy Outcomes

(available for n = 18 in each group)

 Excess Gestational Weight Gain

2

7

 Gestational Diabetes

2

2

 PreEclampsia

5

4

 Spontaneous Preterm Birth

1

0

 Infant Birth weight (grams, Mean [SD])

3110 [507]

3500 [360]

0.016

 Gestational Age at Delivery (Weeks)

39

38.6

0.762

 Total Energy (kcal)

2143 (2017)

2181 (1102)

0.942

 % carbohydrates from total energy

46.8 (4.6)

50.6 (4)

0.008

 % protein from total energy

16.3 (2)

15.8 (2)

0.440

 % fat from total energy

36.8 (3.4)

33.5 (2.9)

0.002

 Monounsaturated fat (g)

34.53 (32.4)

31.39 (16)

0.697

 Polyunsaturated fat (g)

16.3 (14.4)

17.2 (9.3)

0.794

 Cholesterol (mg)

325.8 (314)

295.9 (179)

0.711

 Sodium (mg)

3536.4 (2827)

3653.3 (1696.4)

0.874

 Fiber (g)

15.6 (13.6)

28.3 (16)

0.011

 Calcium (mg)

816.5 (807)

997.4 (482)

0.391

 Folate (Mg)

447.8 (372)

700.4 (390)

0.044

 Iron (mg)

13.7 (10.9)

19 (9.9)

0.118