Table 3 Baseline characteristics in pregnancy after bariatric surgery and non-surgical controls. Data are presented as mean (SD) or percentages

Self-reported dietary supplements:

Iron

40 (68%)

50 (35%)

< 0.001*

Multivitamin

39 (66%)

67 (46%)

0.013*

Folate

17 (29%)

67 (46%)

0.028*

Cobalamin

33 (56%)

3 (2%)

< 0.001*

Vitamin D

26 (44%)

37 (26%)

0.012*

Calcium

22 (37%)

6 (4%)

< 0.001*

Micronutrient concentrations

Hemoglobin, g/dl

11.7 (1.0)

12.2 (0.9)

0.002*

Ferritin, µg/L

34.9 (43.1)

56.9 (52.7)

< 0.001*

Magnesium, mmol/L

0.76 (0.06)

0.81 (0.05)

< 0.001*

Cobalamin pmol/L

418.3 (299.8)

312.6 (105.7)

0.086

Folate nmol/L

26.6 (14.3)

27.8 (11.8)

0.540

Methylmalonic acid, µmol/L

0.13 (0.1)

0.12 (0.11)

0.514

Homocysteine, µmol/L

6.1 (3.0)

5.9 (4.6)

0.759

Thiamine, nmol/L

145.3 (28.2)

149.0 (25.8)

0.402

Pyridoxal 5-phosphate, nmol/L

23.5 (13.8)

29.4 (17.4)

0.033

Vitamin A, µmol/L

1.50 (0.31)

1.65 (0.31)

0.005

Vitamin D, nmol/L

64.1 (28.0)

61.8 (21.3)

0.519

Vitamin E, µmol/L

35.1 (8.5)

38.0 (6.5)

0.012

Vitamin K1, ng/mL

0.29 (0.35)

0.61 (0.65)

< 0.001*

Zinc, µmol/L

9.67 (1.88)

9.07 (1.19)

0.007

Selenium, µmol/L

0.90 (0.17)

1.03 (0.22)

< 0.001*