Table 3 The checklist of quality appraisal of the selected studies through systematic scoping review
Study title | Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) for assessing the quality of qualitative researches (yes/no/can’t tell) | ||||||||||
Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research? | Is a qualitative methodology appropriate? | Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research? (Appropriate research design) | Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research? (Sampling) | Were the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue? (Data collection) | Has the relationship between researcher and Participants been adequately considered? (Reflexivity) | Have ethical issues been taken into consideration? (Ethical Issues) | Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous? (Data Analysis) | Is there a clear statement of findings? (Findings) | How valuable is the research? (Value of the research) | ||
Factors affecting childbearing decision making among Iranian couples: a qualitative study | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | can’t tell | yes | can’t tell | yes | 7/9 | |
Identifying factors that influence pregnancy intentions: evidence from South Africa and Malawi | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | can’t tell | yes | yes | 8/9 | |
The decision-making process of childbearing: a qualitative study | yes | yes | can’t tell | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | can’t tell | 6/9 | |
The Impact of Couples' Decision-Making Process in Delayed Childbearing and Related Social Conditions | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | can’t tell | yes | yes | 8/9 | |
Factors Affecting Childbearing Based On Women's Perspectives: A Qualitative Study | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | can’t tell | yes | can’t tell | yes | 7/9 | |
Study title | Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS tool) (yes/no/do not know) | ||||||||||
Introduction | Methods | ||||||||||
Were the aims/objectives of the study clear? | Was the study design appropriate for the stated aim(s)? | Was the sample size justified? | Was the target/reference population clearly defined? (Is it clear who the research was about?) | Was the sample frame taken from an appropriate population base so that it closely represented the target/reference population under investigation? | Was the selection process likely to select subjects/participants that were representative of the target/reference population under investigation? | Were measures undertaken to address and categorize non-responders? | Were the risk factor and outcome variables measured appropriate to the aims of the study? | Were the risk factor and outcome variables measured correctly using instruments/measurements that had been piloted or published previously? | Is it clear what was used to determined statistical significance and/or precision estimates? (eg, p values, CIs) | Were the methods (including statistical methods) sufficiently described to enable them to be repeated? | |
An Analysis on Views of Iranian Women about Incentive Policies on Childbearing Decision-making | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | Do not know | no | no | yes | yes | Do not know |
Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to couples' fertility decision-making in Inner Mongolia, China | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | do not know | yes | yes |
Demographic, socio-economic, and cultural factors affecting fertility differentials in Nepal | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
The Discrepancy Between Ideal and Actual Parity in Hong Kong: Fertility Desire, Intention, and Behavior | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | do not know | yes | yes | yes |
Factors Affecting Fertility Rate in Iran (Panel Data 1966-2013): A Survey Study | yes | yes | no | do not know | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Factors Affecting the First Childbearing Decision in Iranian Males | yes | yes | Yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | do not know |
The factors associated with childbearing intentions in Iranian female University students | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Factors contributing to childbearing intentions of married working women in Korea | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Factors related to childbearing intentions among women: a cross-sectional study in health centers, Saveh, Iran | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | Yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Family policies, social norms and marital fertility decisions: A quasi-experimental study | yes | do not know | Yes | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Fertility attitudes of highly educated youth: A factorial survey | Yes | yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Housework share and fertility preference in four East Asian countries in 2006 and 2012 | yes | yes | no | yes | do not know | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Identifying potential factors of ideal childbearing among Malay women in Terengganu | yes | do not know | yes | yes | do not know | yes | no | do not know | yes | yes | yes |
Influencing Factors of Fertility in Developing Countries: Evidence from 16 DHS Data | yes | yes | yes | yes | Yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Modeling the Factors Affecting the First Birth in the Family's' Fertility in Hamedan Province | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Modelling Childbearing Desire: Comparison of Logistic Regression and Classification Tree Approaches | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Socioeconomic determinants of rural women's desired fertility: A survey in rural Shaanxi, China | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Women's attitudes towards fertility and childbearing - A study based on a national sample of Swedish women validating the Attitudes to Fertility and Childbearing Scale (AFCS) | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | No | do not know | yes | yes | yes |
A Path Analysis of Factors Influencing the First Childbearing Decision-Making in Women in Shahroud in 2014 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Principal factors affecting couples' childbearing policies: A roadmap for policymaking | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Women's attitude to fertility in Iran: A case study in Isfahan, Iran | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | do not know | yes |
Which factors predict fertility intentions of married men and women? Results from the 2012 Niger Demographic and Health Survey | yes | yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | do not know |
What makes people ready to conceive? Findings from the International Fertility Decision-Making Study | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
To have or not to have? Australian women's childbearing desires, expectations and outcomes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | do not know | yes |
A new model for evaluating the influence of social networks, social learning, and supportive policies on the desire of women for fertility | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
The impact of economic uncertainty on the decision of fertility: Evidence from Taiwan | yes | yes | do not know | yes | do not know | do not know | no | yes | yes | no | no |
The Influence of Legal Supports of Working Women during Pregnancy and Lactation Period on Their Desire to Have Children | yes | do not know | yes | no | do not know | no | no | do not know | yes | no | do not know |
Explanation of Psychosocial Factors Affecting Fertility Behavior: Study of Fertility Behavior Among Married Women Aged 15 to 49 in Nasimshar | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes |
Desire to childbearing in Iran: determinants and barriers | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | do not know | yes |
Reasons for fertility desire and disinterest among Iranian married adults: A population-based study | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | no | do not know |
Identification of fertility preferences determinants using poisson regression | yes | yes | no | yes | do not know | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Socio-economic factors affecting attitudes towards childbearing: A study of ever married couples in Kermanshah, Iran | yes | yes | no | yes | do not know | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Fertility desire among Iranians living in Tehran: reasons for desire and disinterest | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
Fertility desire: Facilitators and inhibitors | yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | no | yes |
Study title | Results | Discussion | Other | ||||||||
Were the basic data adequately described? | Does the response rate raise concerns about non-response bias? | If appropriate, was information about non-responders described? | Were the results internally consistent? | Were the results for the analyses described in the methods, presented? | Were the authors’ discussions and conclusions justified by the results? | Were the limitations of the study discussed? | Were there any funding sources or conflicts of interest that may affect the authors’ interpretation of the results? | Was ethical approval or consent of participants attained? | |||
An Analysis on Views of Iranian Women about Incentive Policies on Childbearing Decision-making | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | do not know | no | no | ||
Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to couples’ fertility decision-making in Inner Mongolia, China | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | ||
Demographic, socio-economic, and cultural factors affecting fertility differentials in Nepal | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
The Discrepancy Between Ideal and Actual Parity in Hong Kong: Fertility Desire, Intention, and Behavior | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | ||
Factors Affecting Fertility Rate in Iran (Panel Data 1966-2013): A Survey Study | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | do not know | ||
Factors Affecting the First Childbearing Decision in Iranian Males | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
The factors associated with childbearing intentions in Iranian female University students | do not know | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | ||
Factors contributing to childbearing intentions of married working women in Korea | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | ||
Factors related to childbearing intentions among women: a cross-sectional study in health centers, Saveh, Iran | yes | yes | do not know | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | ||
Family policies, social norms and marital fertility decisions: A quasi-experimental study | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
Fertility attitudes of highly educated youth: A factorial survey | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | do not know | yes | do not know | ||
Housework share and fertility preference in four East Asian countries in 2006 and 2012 | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | ||
Identifying potential factors of ideal childbearing among Malay women in Terengganu | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | do not know | ||
Influencing Factors of Fertility in Developing Countries: Evidence from 16 DHS Data | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | do not know | no | yes | ||
Modeling the Factors Affecting the First Birth in the Family’s’ Fertility in Hamedan Province | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
Modelling Childbearing Desire: Comparison of Logistic Regression and Classification Tree Approaches | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
Socioeconomic determinants of rural women’s desired fertility: A survey in rural Shaanxi, China | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
Women’s attitudes towards fertility and childbearing - A study based on a national sample of Swedish women validating the Attitudes to Fertility and Childbearing Scale (AFCS) | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | ||
A Path Analysis of Factors Influencing the First Childbearing Decision-Making in Women in Shahroud in 2014 | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
Principal factors affecting couples’ childbearing policies: A roadmap for policymaking | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
Women’s attitude to fertility in Iran: A case study in Isfahan, Iran | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | do not know | ||
Which factors predict fertility intentions of married men and women? Results from the 2012 Niger Demographic and Health Survey | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
What makes people ready to conceive? Findings from the International Fertility Decision-Making Study | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||
To have or not to have? Australian women’s childbearing desires, expectations and outcomes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | ||
A new model for evaluating the influence of social networks, social learning, and supportive policies on the desire of women for fertility | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | ||
The impact of economic uncertainty on the decision of fertility: Evidence from Taiwan | yes | no | no | yes | do not know | yes | do not know | do not know | do not know | ||
The Influence of Legal Supports of Working Women during Pregnancy and Lactation Period on Their Desire to Have Children | do not know | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | ||
Explanation of Psychosocial Factors Affecting Fertility Behavior: Study of Fertility Behavior Among Married Women Aged 15 to 49 in Nasimshar | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | ||
Desire to childbearing in Iran: determinants and barriers | yes | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | ||
Reasons for fertility desire and disinterest among Iranian married adults: A population-based study | yes | no | no | do not know | yes | yes | no | no | do not know | ||
Identification of fertility preferences determinants using poisson regression | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | do not know | ||
Socio-economic factors affecting attitudes towards childbearing: A study of ever married couples in Kermanshah, Iran | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | do not know | ||
Fertility desire among Iranians living in Tehran: reasons for desire and disintere | do not know | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | ||
Fertility desire: Facilitators and inhibitors | no | do not know | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | ||
Study title | JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for systematic reviews and research syntheses (Yes/ No/ Unclear/ Not applicable) | ||||||||||
Is the review question clearly and explicitly stated? | Were the inclusion criteria appropriate for the review question? | Was the search strategy appropriate? | Were the sources and resources used to search for studies adequate? | Were the criteria for appraising studies appropriate? | Was critical appraisal conducted by two or more reviewers independently? | Were there methods to minimize errors in data extraction? | Were the methods used to combine studies appropriate? | Was the likelihood of publication bias assessed? | Were recommendations for policy and/or practice supported by the reported data? | Were the specific directives for new research appropriate? | |
Childbearing intention and its associated factors: A systematic review | Unclear | yes | Unclear | yes | Unclear | no | yes | yes | Unclear | yes | yes |
Factors Related to Childbearing in Iran: A Systematic Review | no | yes | Unclear | yes | no | no | Unclear | yes | Unclear | yes | yes |
A Meta-Analysis of Factors Related to Fertility Attitudes, Desires , and Childbearing Intentions in Iranian Studies | yes | yes | yes | yes | Unclear | Unclear | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Fertility Style and its Determinants in Iran and Islamic Countries : A Review Study | yes | yes | yes | yes | Unclear | Unclear | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |