Table 2 Edinburgh Depression Scale item analysis (n = 186)
Variables | N | % |
|---|---|---|
1. I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things | ||
As much as I always could | 146 | 78.5 |
Not quite so much now | 28 | 15.1 |
Definitely not so much now | 9 | 4.8 |
Not at all | 3 | 1.6 |
2. I have looked forward with enjoyment to things | ||
As much as I ever did | 138 | 74.2 |
Rather less than I used to | 28 | 18.3 |
Definitely less than I used to | 9 | 5.9 |
Hardly at all | 3 | 1.6 |
3. I have blamed myself unnecessarily when things went wrong | ||
Yes, most of the time | 7 | 3.8 |
Yes, some of the time | 27 | 14.5 |
Not very often | 92 | 49.5 |
No, never | 60 | 32.3 |
4. I Have been anxious or worried for no good reason | ||
No not at all | 64 | 34.4 |
Hardly ever | 16 | 8.6 |
Yes, sometimes | 83 | 44.6 |
Yes, very often | 23 | 12.4 |
5. I have felt scared or panicky for no very good reason | ||
Yes, quite a lot | 48 | 25.8 |
Yes, sometimes | 86 | 46.2 |
No, not much | 34 | 18.3 |
No, not at all | 18 | 9.7 |
6. Things have been getting on top of me | ||
Yes, most of the time I haven’t been able to cope at all | 6 | 3.2 |
Yes, sometimes I haven’t been coping as well as usual | 21 | 11.3 |
No, most of the time I have coped quite well | 116 | 62.4 |
No, I have been coping as well as ever | 43 | 23.1 |
7. I have been so unhappy that I have had difficulty sleeping | ||
Yes, most of the time | 52 | 28.0 |
Yes, sometimes | 78 | 41.9 |
Not very often | 25 | 13.4 |
No, not at all | 31 | 16.7 |
8. I have felt sad or miserable | ||
Yes, most of the time | 2 | 1.1 |
Yes, sometimes | 22 | 11.8 |
Not very often | 83 | 44.6 |
No, not at all | 79 | 42.5 |
9. I have been so unhappy that I have been crying | ||
Yes, most of the time | 60 | 32.3 |
Yes, quite often | 54 | 29.0 |
Only occasionally | 39 | 21.0 |
No, never | 33 | 17.7 |
10. The thought of harming myself has occurred to me | ||
Yes, quite often | 0 | 0 |
Sometimes | 2 | 1.1 |
Hardly ever | 13 | 7.0 |
Never | 186 | 91.9 |