Table 3 Factors independently associated with teenage pregnancy among adolescent girls in Kule Refugee Camp, Gambella, Ethiopia, September 2021 (N = 422)

Age (Year)

15–16

31 (18.2)

139 (81.8)

0.266 (0.17, 0.42)

0.48 (0.27, 0.85) *

17–18

115 (45.6)

137 (54.4)

Ref.

Ref.

School attendance (currently)

In school

114 (31.3)

250 (68.7)

Ref.

Ref.

Not in school

32 (55.2)

26 (44.8)

2.96 (1.54, 4.74)

3.59 (1.2, 10.8) *

Educational status

Not attended formal education

23 (45.1)

28 (54.9)

0.96 (0.41, 2.12)

0.21 (0.06, 1.02)

Primary School

96 (31.2)

212 (68.8)

0.53 (0.305, 0.92)

1.2 (0.6, 2.4)

Secondary School and above

29 (46)

34 (54)

Ref.

Ref.

Occupational status

Student

61 (27.9)

158 (72.1)

7.1 (3.74, 13.56)

2.69 (1.07, 6.82)

Housewife

44 (73.3)

16 (26.7)

1.07 (0.61, 1.88)

1.08 (0.56, 2.09)

Self-employed

24 (29.3)

58 (70.7)

1.00 (0.53, 1.88)

1.2 (0.57, 2.5)

Unemployed

17 (27.8)

44 (72.2)

Ref.

Ref.

Marital status

Married

97 (61)

62 (39)

Ref.

Ref.

Never Married

49 (18.6)

214 (81.4)

0.15 (0.09, 0.23)

0.21 (0.12, 0.36) **

With whom did she live?

With both biological Parents

85 (36)

151 (64)

Ref.

Ref.

Either biological parent

20 (26.3)

56 (73.7)

0.63 (0.36, 1.13)

0.46 (0.22, 0.95)

Guardian/adoptive parents

34 (40)

51 (60)

1.18 (0.71, 1.97)

0.74 (0.39, 1.4)

Others

7 (28)

18 (72)

0.69 (0.28, 1.72)

0.44 (0.14, 1.35)

Educational level mother

Cannot read and write.

123 (38.2)

199 (61.8)

1.59 (0.47, 3.2)

1.63 (0.61, 5.4)

Can read and write.

11 (19.3)

46 (80.7)

0.58 (0.21, 1.32)

0.45 (0.4, 1.53)

Primary School and above

12 (27.9)

31 (72.1)

Ref.

Ref.

Educational level (father)

Can not read and write.

104 (39.2)

161 (60.8)

1.92 (1.16, 3.21)

1.47 (0.74, 2.8)

Can read and write.

10 (33.3)

20 (66.7)

1.48 (0.61, 3.59)

1.76 (0.52, 5.96)

Primary School and above

32 (25.2)

95 (74.8)

Ref.

Ref.

Mother’s history of teenage pregnancy

Yes

38 (50.7)

37 (49.3)

Ref.

Ref.

No

27 (32.5)

56 (67.5)

0.47 (0.25, 0.89)

0.45 (0.21, 0.98) *

Do not know

81 (30.7)

183 (69.3)

0.43 (0.26, 0.72)

0.36 (0.17, 1.02)

Contraceptive use

Ever use.

38 (41.8)

53 (58.2)

Ref.

Ref.

Never use

108 (32.6)

223 (67.4)

0.68 (0.42, 108)

0.87 (0.44, 1.73)

Sister/s history of teenage pregnancy

Yes

70 (45.2)

85 (44.8)

2.07 (1.37, 3.13)

2.22 (1.33, 3.7) **

No

76 (28.5)

191 (71.5)

Ref.

Ref.

Knowledge of time of emergency FP

Good

24 (48)

26 (52)

Ref.

Ref.

Poor

122 (32.8)

250 (67.2)

0.53 (0.29, 0.96)

0.62 (0.29, 1.29)

Access to media

Yes

78 (37.7)

129 (62.3)

Ref.

Ref.

No

68 (31.6)

147 (68.4)

0.76 (0.51, 1.14)

0.61 (0.37, 1.01)

Drinking status (alcohol)

Used

30 (45.4)

36 (54.6)

1.72 (1.01, 2.94)

1.58 (0.75, 3.33)

Did not use

116 (32.6)

240 (67.4)

Ref.

Ref.