Identification and validation of diagnostic biomarkers for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy based on untargeted and targeted metabolomics analyses of urine metabolite profiles

Table 5 Potential diagnostic biomarkers for ICP in targeted metabolomics

Metabolite	Ave (ICP)/(ng/mL)	Ave (CON)/(ng/mL)	Fold change	P-value
3-hydroxypropionic acid	15732.548	47372.174	0.332	0.0004
Uracil	1793.620	3950.872	0.454	0.0031
Glycolic acid	29776.145	61405.950	0.485	0.0144
L-malic acid	1034.511	2442.886	0.423	0.0340
DL-pyroglutamic acid	37181.635	72246.583	0.515	0.0310
L-4-hydroxyproline	1360.906	2802.899	0.486	0.0362
L-phenylalanine	1128.042	2467.921	0.457	0.0018
cis-aconitate	49167.892	98772.967	0.498	0.0293
Citric acid	66582.475	141568.053	0.470	0.0069
Homogentisic acid	46.536	120.449	0.386	0.0245
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactate	298.919	582.549	0.513	0.0125
Palmitic acid	467.207	1113.219	0.420	0.0223
Linoleic acid	74.395	195.675	0.380	0.0043

Ave (ICP), the average concentrations of metabolites in ten urine specimens from ICP pregnant women; Ave (CON), the average concentrations of metabolites in ten urine specimens from healthy pregnant women; Fold change, the ratio of Ave (ICP)/Ave (CON); ICP, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy; CON, the control group

ISSN: 1471-2393