Table 1 Participant characteristics (n = 279)
Name of variable | Categories | Total Sample N (%) | Profiles | χ2 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class1 (n = 211) | Class2 (n = 68) | |||||
Age | ≤ 30 | 77(27.60) | 57(27.01) | 20(29.41) | 0.148 | 0.701 |
>30 | 202(72.40) | 154(72.99) | 48(70.59) | |||
Working status | Working | 188(67.38) | 142(67.30) | 46(67.65) | 0.003 | 0.957 |
Not working | 91(32.62) | 69(32.70) | 22(32.35) | |||
Education level | Primary school and below | 7(2.51) | 5(2.37) | 2(2.94) | 1.017 | 0.797 |
Middle School and Vocational High School | 70(25.09) | 55(26.07) | 15(22.06) | |||
College and undergraduate | 187(67.03) | 141(66.82) | 46(67.65) | |||
Postgraduate and above | 15(5.38) | 10(4.74) | 5(7.35) | |||
Place of residence | Village | 44(15.77) | 35(16.59) | 9(13.24) | 1.924 | 0.382 |
Town | 83(29.75) | 66(31.28) | 17(25.00) | |||
City | 152(54.48) | 110(52.13) | 42(61.76) | |||
Per-capita monthly household income (RMB, yuan) | <5000 | 53(19.00) | 41(19.43) | 12(17.65) | 2.798 | 0.424 |
5000–10,000 | 132(47.31) | 104(49.29) | 28(41.18) | |||
10,000–20,000 | 65(23.30) | 47(22.27) | 18(26.47) | |||
>20,000 | 29(10.39) | 19(9.00) | 10(14.71) | |||
BMI before pregnancy | <18.5 | 37(13.26) | 28(13.27) | 9(13.24) | 1.274 | 0.735 |
18.5–24.9 | 193(69.18) | 143(67.77) | 50(73.53) | |||
25–29.9 | 44(15.77) | 36(17.06) | 8(11.76) | |||
≥ 30 | 5(1.79) | 4(1.90) | 1(1.47) | |||
Daily exercise duration (h) | None | 45(16.13) | 16(7.58) | 29(42.65) | 49.576 | 0.000 |
<1 | 129(46.24) | 102(48.34) | 27(39.71) | |||
≥ 1 | 105(37.63) | 93(44.08) | 12(17.65) | |||
Daily sleep duration (h) | <6 | 9(3.23) | 7(3.32) | 2(2.94) | 0.537 | 1.000 |
6–8 | 168(60.22) | 126(59.72) | 42(61.76) | |||
8–10 | 99(35.480 | 75(35.55) | 24(35.29) | |||
>10 | 3(1.08) | 3(1.42) | 0(0.00) | |||
Disease duration (week) | 1 | 67(24.01) | 48(22.75) | 19(27.94) | 12.511 | 0.006 |
2 | 46(16.49) | 44(20.85) | 2(2.94) | |||
3 | 50(17.92) | 34(16.11) | 16(23.53) | |||
4 | 116(41.58) | 85(40.28) | 31(45.59) | |||
Pregnancy stage | Middle pregnancy | 132(47.31) | 102(48.34) | 30(44.12) | 0.368 | 0.544 |
Late pregnancy | 147(52.69) | 109(51.66) | 38(55.88) | |||
Pregnancy status | Primigravid | 131(46.95) | 94(44.55) | 37(54.41) | 0.202 | 0.654 |
Multigravid | 148(53.05) | 117(55.45) | 31(45.59) | |||
Number of fetuses | 1 | 267(95.70) | 201(95.26) | 66(97.06) | 1.080 | 0.368 |
2 | 9(3.23) | 8(3.79) | 1(1.47) | |||
≥ 3 | 3(1.08) | 2(0.95) | 1(1.47) | |||
Method of conception | Artificial insemination | 29(10.39) | 23(10.90) | 6(8.82) | 0.238 | 0.626 |
Natural conception | 250(89.61) | 188(89.10) | 62(91.18) | |||
Family history of diabetes | Yes | 111(39.78) | 60(28.44) | 51(75.00) | 46.544 | 0.000 |
No | 168(60.22) | 151(71.56) | 17(25.00) | |||
Anxiety | 40(35, 45) | 40(36, 45) | 40(35, 45) | 8.556a | 0.000 | |
Depression | 6(3, 10) | 8(5, 11) | 2(1, 5) | 0.544a | 0.586 | |