Table 3 Levels of IGFBP-3/IGF-1/TGF-β1/VEGF in umbilical cord blood of three groups

IGFBP-3 (ng/mL)

58.15 ± 15.95

45.42 ± 16.54

36.62 ± 9.10

16.68

0.000^**

①:②

0.047^*

①:③

0.000^**

②:③

0.013^*

IGF-1 (pg/mL)

533.70 (483.62, 789.89)

622.19 (480.27, 1339.70)

1159.29 (681.83, 1923.70)

19.956

0.000^**

①:②

0.185

①:③

0.000^**

②:③

0.030^*

TGF-β1 (pg/mL)

426.60 ± 129.80

236.65 ± 62.89

152.40 ± 38.37

77.047

0.000^**

①:②

0.000^**

①:③

0.000^**

②:③

0.000^**

VEGF (pg/mL)

71.04 (49.11, 99.24)

97.43 (71.57, 135.24)

136.32 (101.80, 184.42)

24.340

0.000^**

①:②

0.041^*

①:③

0.000^**

②:③

0.023^*