Fig. 2

Correlations between CRL and facial profile markers. CRL was negatively correlated with the FMF angle (A, R²= 0.685, P < 0.001), IFA angle (B, R² = 0.482, P < 0.001), and PL distance (C, R² = 0.278, P < 0.001), but positively correlated with the MNM angle (D, R² = 0.660, P < 0.001), FMA angle (E, R² = 0.656, P < 0.001), FSD (F, R² = 0.563, P < 0.001), and PMD (G, R² = 0.737, P < 0.001). FMA, facial maxillary angle; FMF, frontomaxillary facial angle; FSD, frontal space distance; IFA, inferior facial angle; MNM, maxilla-nasion-mandible angle; PL, profile line distance; PMD, palatine maxillary diameter. Bilateral cleft lip and palate (dark green square), unilateral cleft lip and palate (light green square), micrognathia (red triangle), open spina bifida (orange circle), and normal controls (blue hollow circle)