Table 4 The final intervention protocol
Sessions | Justification | Content | Time | Delivery type | Duration | Intervener |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Session 1 | knowledge education session | (1) What is GDM? (2) Adverse health outcomes of GDM? (3) Physical activity could prevent GDM. (4) The frequence, intensity,type, time of physical activity during pregnancy (5) Saftey precautions when doing physical activity (6) Healthy pregnancy weight gain | 13–14+ 6 weeks’ gestation | face to face in groups with 8–10 participants at the antenatal clinic | about 30 min | Researcher, nurse and midwife |
Session 2 | exercise clinic visit | (1) the coach teach pregnant women how to exercise safely (2) the coach guide the participants to do physical activity together following the exercise video. (3) uploaded the exercise video to WeChat platform (4)teach the participants how to keep exercise diary and record everyday’s weight | 13–14+ 6 weeks’ gestation | face to face in groups with 8–10 participants at the antenatal clinic | about 60 min | Researcher,coach, obstetricians, nurses, and midwife |
Session 3 | pregnancy-related symptom management | (1) Assessing and explaining the participant’s pregnancy-related symptoms, (2) strategies for managing symptoms such as muscle relaxation | 15–16+ 6 weeks’ gestation | face to face in groups with 8–10 participants at the antenatal clinic | about 40 min | Researcher, nurses, and midwife |
group discussion | (1) Checking behavioral tracking, review, and feedback in the prior 2 weeks (2) Sharing self-management strategies from successful pregnant women (3) recalling previous successful experience, problem solving, and encouraging | |||||
Session 4 | pregnancy related emotion management | (1)Assessing and explaining the participant’s pregnancy-related negative emotions (2)strategies for managing anxiety, or depression, such as positive self-talk | 17–18+ 6 weeks’ gestation | online group discussion with 15–20 participants via Tencent Meeting | about 40 min | Researcher, nurses, midwife, and psychological consultant |
group discussion | (1) Checking behavioral tracking, review, and feedback in the prior 2 weeks (2) Sharing self-management strategies from successful pregnant women (3) recalling previous successful experience, problem solving, and encouraging | |||||
Session 5–13 | group discussion | (1) positive feedback on gestational weight gain and physical activity in the prior 2 weeks (2) role model: sharing self-management strategies from successful pregnant women (3) problem solving, discuss the problems that arise when doing exercise and share solutions on how to keep active with each other (4) recall previous successful experience, guiding participants to recall previous successful behavior-change situations, discuss context and factors associated with success (5) Encourage:confirming participants have the capability for exercise and weight self-management | every two weeks from 19–20+ 6 to 37 weeks | face to face discussion at the antenatal clinic or online discussion via Tencent Meeting in groups with 8–10 participants | about 30 min | Researcher, nurses, and midwife |