Table 3 The preliminary intervention protocol
Primary indicators(theory components) | Secondary indicators | Tertiary indicators | Time | Delivery type | Duration | Intervener |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Accomplishment experiences | 1.1 knowledge education session | 1.1.1 What is GDM? 1.1.2 Adverse health outcomes of GDM? 1.1.3 Physical activity could prevent GDM. 1.1.4 The frequence, intensity,type, time of physical activity during pregnancy | 13–14+ 6 weeks’ gestation | face to face in groups with 15–20 participants | about 40 min | Researcher, nurse and midwife |
1.2 exercise clinic visit | 1.2.1 the coach teach pregnant women how to exercise safely 1.2.2 the coach guide the participants to do physical activity together following the exercise video. 1.2.3 uploaded the exercise video to WeChat platform 1.2.4 teach the participants how to keep exercise diary | 13–14+ 6 weeks’ gestation | face to face in groups with 15–20 participants | about 50 min | Researcher, coach, obstetricians, nurses, and midwife | |
2. Vicarious experience | 2.1 positive feedback | 2.1.1 Checking behavioral tracking, review, and feedback on goals | every two weeks from 15–16+ 6 to 37 weeks | online group discussion with 15–20 participants via Tencent Meeting | about 15–20 min | Researcher, nurse and midwife |
2.2 role model | 2.2.1 Sharing self-management strategies from successful pregnant women | |||||
3.Verbal persuasion | 3.1 reminder | 3.1.1 Daily reminders via the WeChat group to encourage the women to follow the 40-min video, performing the exercises and recording in their exercise diary | every two weeks from 15–16+ 6 to 37 weeks | online group discussion with 15–20 participants via Tencent Meeting | about 15–20 min | Researcher, nurse and midwife |
3.2 problem solving | 3.2.1 Discuss the problems that arise when doing exercise and share solutions on how to keep active with each other | |||||
3.3 encourage | 3.3.1 Confrming participants have the capability for exercise and weight self-management | |||||
3.4 recall previous successful experience | 3.4.1 Guiding participants to recall previous successful behavior-change situations, discuss context and factors associated with success | |||||
3.5 positive feedback | 3.5.1 Providing positive feedback for the participant’s effort | |||||
4. physiological and emotional status | 4.1 knowledge education session | 4.1.1 Assessing and explaining the participant’s pregnancy-related symptoms, and discussing strategies for managing symptoms, such as muscle relaxation | 15–16+ 6 weeks’ gestation | online group discussion with 15–20 participants via Tencent Meeting | about 30 min | Researcher, nurse, and midwife |
4.1.2 Assessing and explaining the participant’s negative emotions, and discussing strategies for managing anxiety, or depression, such as positive self-talk | 17–18+ 6 weeks’ gestation | online group discussion with 15–20 participants via Tencent Meeting | about 30 min | Researcher, nurse, midwife, and psychological consultant |