Table 4 Prevalence of Caesarean section delivery by selected explanatory variables in Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh | NFHS-4 | NFHS-5 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
(2015-16) | (2019-21) | |||
Variable | % | p-value | % | p-value |
Caste | 0.015 | < 0.001 | ||
Scheduled Castes | 10.4 | 16.1 | ||
Scheduled Tribes | 4.8 | 8.2 | ||
Other Backward Castes | 12.8 | 20.3 | ||
Others | 31.7 | 41.6 | ||
Religion | < 0.001 | 0.026 | ||
Hindu | 10.7 | 16.5 | ||
Muslim | 27.9 | 31.8 | ||
Others | 13.6 | 20.6 | ||
Type of Residence | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
Urban | 20.9 | 32.2 | ||
Rural | 8.4 | 12.6 | ||
Woman’s education level | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
Illiterate | 4.2 | 4.5 | ||
Primary | 7.3 | 9.4 | ||
Secondary | 12.0 | 16.6 | ||
Higher | 33.7 | 42.5 | ||
Age at marriage | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
Below 18 years | 7.1 | 8.8 | ||
18 years or above | 13.3 | 19.4 | ||
Exposure to media | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
Nil | 4.0 | 7.6 | ||
Partial | 11.9 | 18.6 | ||
Full | 20.7 | 28.0 | ||
Number of ANC visits | < 0.001 | 0.058 | ||
0 | 5.2 | 13.0 | ||
1–3 | 7.4 | 15.4 | ||
4+ | 13.9 | 17.9 | ||
Woman’s age | 0.015 | 0.117 | ||
15–24 | 9.5 | 14.2 | ||
25–34 | 12.2 | 17.7 | ||
35–49 | 10.9 | 17.8 | ||
Size of child at birth | 0.004 | 0.094 | ||
Average | 10.2 | 17.4 | ||
Small | 14.5 | 14.4 | ||
Large | 14.8 | 15.5 | ||
Woman’s BMI | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
Underweight | 7.0 | 10.0 | ||
Normal | 11.9 | 18.0 | ||
Overweight | 40.2 | 43.4 | ||
Pregnancy Complications | 0.005 | < 0.001 | ||
No | 10.4 | 14.8 | ||
Present | 12.1 | 20.7 | ||
Ever had a terminated pregnancy | < 0.001 | 0.005 | ||
No | 10.5 | 16.4 | ||
Yes | 15.1 | 20.0 | ||
Birth Order | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
1 | 16.4 | 22.3 | ||
2 | 12.6 | 19.5 | ||
3 | 5.7 | 8.0 | ||
4+ | 3.0 | 5.4 | ||
Wealth Quintile | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
Poor | 5.1 | 8.4 | ||
Non-poor | 18.9 | 26.9 | ||
Place Of Delivery | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
Public | 6.3 | 9.7 | ||
Private | 48.5 | 58.9 | ||