Table 1 Descriptive summaries of respondents’ background characteristics.

Individual and Household characteristics

Age group

15–19

502 (10.2%)

20–24

1,053 (21.4%)

25–29

1,273 (25.94%)

30–34

967 (19.7%)

35–39

653 (13.3%)

40–44

312 (6.3%)

45–49

151 (3.1%)

Level of Education

None

1,579 (32.2%)

Primary

684 (13.9%)

Secondary/technical

1,140 (23.2%)

Higher

307 (6.3%)

Non-formal

1,200 (24.4%)

Exposure to mass media

No

2,287 (46.6%)

Yes (TV/radio)

2,624 (53.4%)

Children ever born

None

531 (10.8%)

1–2

1,621 (33.0%)

3–4

1,271 (25.9%)

5 or more

1,489 (30.3%)

Currently working

Yes

1,016 (20.7%)

No

3,895 (79.3%)

Sex of household head

Male

4,556 (92.8%)

Female

355 (7.2%)

Religion of household head

Christianity

1,341 (27.3%)

Islam

3,530 (71.9%)

Others

40 (0.8%)

Ethnicity of household head

Hausa

2,967 (60.4%)

Igbo

275 (5.6%)

Yoruba

455 (9.3%)

Other ethnic groups

1,214 (24.7%)

Education of household head

None

1,217 (24.8%)

Primary

769 (15.7%)

Secondary/technical

1,007 (20.5%)

Higher

605 (12.3%)

Non-formal

1,314 (26.8%)

Wealth status

Poorest

968 (19.7%)

Poorer

975 (19.8%)

Middle

984 (20.0%)

Richer

993 (20.2%)

Richest

992 (20.2%)

Community characteristics

Place of residence

Urban

1,159 (23.6%)

Rural

3,752 (76.4%)

Socio-economic status

1 (Least deprived)

1,651 (33.6%)

2 (More deprived)

1,627 (33.1%)

3 (Most deprived)

1,633 (33.3%)

State-level factors

Socio-economic status

1 (Least deprived)

1,707 (34.8%)

2 (More deprived)

1,667 (33.9%)

3 (Most deprived)

1,536 (31.3%)

Region

North Central

840 (17.1%)

North East

932 (19.0%)

North West

2,179 (44.4%)

South East

175 (5.6%)

South South

337 (6.9%)

South West

448 (9.1%)

Total

4,911 (100%)