Table 2 Prevalence of low birth weight in selected maternal correlates among the most recent child delivered in healthcare facilities, NFHS -5
Characteristics | Birth Weight n, %, (95% CI) | P-value | Chi-square | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Categories | < 2500 g | ≥ 2500 g | ||
Age (in years) | 15–24 | 9396, 19.1, (18.7–19.4) | 39819, 80.9, (80.55–81.25) | < 0.001 | 252.10 |
25–34 | 14029, 16.1, (15.8–16.3) | 73189, 83.9, (83.6–84.5) | |||
35 and above | 2047, 15.9, (15.3–16.5) | 10797, 84.1, (83.4–84.6) | |||
Residence | Urban | 7166, 16.1, (15.76–16.44) | 37339, 83.9, (83.55–84.24) | < 0.001 | 25.31 |
Rural | 18307, 17.4, (17.4–17.7) | 86466, 82.6, (82.2–82.7) | |||
Caste | Schedule Caste | 6191, 18.6, (18.3–19.1) | 26993, 81.4, (80.9–81.7) | < 0.001 | 216.17 |
Schedule Tribe | 2457, 17.8, (17.1–18.4) | 11342, 82.2, (81.5–82.8) | |||
OBC | 10732, 16.6, (16.3–16.8) | 53995, 83.4, (83.1–83.7) | |||
None of them | 4628, 16.1, (15.5–16.4) | 24282, 83.9, (83.5–84.4) | |||
Don’t know | 283, 22.6, (20.3–25.1) | 967, 77.4, (74.9–79.6) | |||
Education | No Education | 4625, 19.3, (18.8–19.8) | 19249, 80.7, (80.1–81.1) | < 0.001 | 401.66 |
Primary | 3313, 20.3 (19.5–20.7) | 13146, 79.7, (79.2–80.4) | |||
Secondary | 13768, 17.1, (16.8–17.3) | 66641, 82.9, (82.6–83.1) | |||
Higher | 3767, 13.2, (12.8–13.9) | 24767, 86.8, (86.9–87.9) | |||
Wealth quintile | Poorest | 5826, 20.3, (19.4–20.8) | 22861, 79.7, (79.2–80.1) | < 0.001 | 361.58 |
Poorer | 5787, 18.8, (18.3–19.2) | 25007, 81.2, (80.7–81.6) | |||
Middle | 5038, 16.5 (16.1–16.9) | 25457, 83.5, (83.1–83.8) | |||
Richer | 4873, 15.8, (15.4–16.2) | 25960, 84.2, (83.7–84.6) | |||
Richest | 3950, 13.8, (13.4–14.2) | 24519, 86.2, (85.7–86.5) | |||
Health Insurance Coverage | No | 19776, 17.6, (17.4–17.8) | 92452, 82.4, (82.1–82.6) | < 0.001 | 78.85 |
Yes | 5697, 15.4, (15.1–15.7) | 31354, 84.6, (84.2–84.9) | |||
Body Mass Index | Underweight | 5586, 21.4, (20.8–21.9) | 20549, 78.6, (78.1–79.1) | < 0.001 | 569.65 |
Normal | 14690, 16.7, (16.4–16.9) | 73254, 83.3, (83.05–8.5) | |||
Overweight | 3442, 14.5, (14.3–14.9) | 20327, 85.5, (85.1–85.9) | |||
Obese | 1090, 14.4, (13.6–15.2) | 6445, 85.6, (84.7–86.3) | |||
ANC Visits | No | 1375, 20.3, (19.3–21.3) | 5384, 79.7, (78.7–80.6) | < 0.001 | 126.88 |
4 visits | 12522, 17.7, (17.4–18.1) | 58148, 82.3, (81.9–82.5) | |||
 < 4 visits | 11575, 16.1, (15.8–16.3) | 60274, 83.9, (83.2–84.1) | |||
Anaemia | Severe | 615, 21.1, (19.9–22.8) | 2305, 78.9, (77.3–80.3) | < 0.001 | 74.57 |
Moderate | 7538, 17.5, (17.1–17.8) | 35490, 82.5, (82.1–82.8) | |||
Mild | 6503, 17.1, (16.7–17.4) | 31498, 82.9, (82.5–83.2) | |||
Not Anaemic | 9877, 16.5, (16.2–16.8) | 49896, 83.5, (83.1–83.7) | |||
Marital Status | Without Partner | 338, 19.3, (17.3–21.2) | 1408, 80.7, (78.7–82.4) | 0.349 | 0.88 |
With Partner | 25135, 17.1, (16.8–17.2) | 122397, 82.9, (82.7–83.1) | |||
Employment | Not Working | 3072, 17.2, (16.6–17.7) | 14789, 82.8, (82.2–83.3) | 0.599 | 0.27 |
Currently Working | 872, 17.8, (16.7–18.8) | 4029, 82.2, (81.1–83.2) | |||
Birth Order | First | 10095, 18.2, (17.9–18.5) | 45152, 81.8, (81.4–82.1) | 0.001 | 102.32 |
Second & third | 12731, 16.2, (15.9–16.4) | 66013, 83.8, (83.5–84.1) | |||
Four | 2647, 17.3, (16.7–17.9) | 12641, 82.7, (82.0–83.2) | |||
Birth Interval | < 24 months | 4431, 17.5, (16.9–17.9) | 20940, 82.5, (82.1–83.01) | 0.001 | 48.92 |
> 24 months | 11030, 15.9, (15.6–16.2) | 58138, 84.1, (83.7–84.3) | |||
Sex of Child | Male | 12660, 15.7, (15.4–15.9) | 67936, 84.3, (84.1–84.5) | 0.001 | 159.85 |
Female | 12813, 18.6, (18.3–18.9) | 55869, 81.4, (81.1–81.6) | |||
Pregnancy Complications | No | 5294, 17.1, (16.6–17.4) | 25789, 82.9, (82.4–83.3) | 0.768 | 0.08 |
Yes | 18853, 16.9, (16.6–17.1) | 92877, 83.1, (82.9–83.3) | |||
Caesarean section | No | 18706, 17.1, (16.8–17.3) | 90755, 82.9, (82.6–83.1) | 0.303 | 1.06 |
Yes | 6766, 16.9, (16.2–17.6) | 33051, 83.1, (82.6–83.3) | |||
Iron Supplementation | No | 2864, 18.9, (18.2–19.5) | 12286, 81.1, (80.4–81.7) | > 0.001 | 64.93 |
Yes | 22525, 16.8, (16.6–17.1) | 111236, 83.2, (08.2–08.5) | |||
Tetanus Injection | No | 1198, 20.1, (19.1–21.1) | 4763, 79.9, (78.8–80.9) | > 0.001 | 33.23 |
Yes | 24076, 16.9, (16.7–17.1) | 118409, 83.1, (82.9–83.2) | |||
Doesn’t use Cigarette and Tobacco | No | 851, 20.29, (19.09–21.55) | 3342, 79.71, (78.45–80.91) | 0.012 | 6.31 |
Yes | 24622, 16.9, (16.8–17.1) | 120463, 83.1, (82.8–83.2) | |||
Do you drink Alcohol | No | 25341, 17.6, (16.6–17.5) | 123232, 82.9, (82.7–83.1) | < 0.001 | 19.56 |
Yes | 132, 18.7, (15.8–21.7) | 573, 81.3, (78.8–83.9) | |||
Frequency of Alcohol Consumption | Everyday | 90, 28.39, (23.41–33.59) | 228, 71.61, (66.40–76.58) | < 0.001 | 21.53 |
Once a week | 156, 22.5, (19.3–25.7) | 539, 77.5, (74.2–80.6) | |||
Less than once a week | 143, 13.5, (11.5–15.5) | 917, 86.5, (84.3–88.5) | |||