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Table 5 Resilience and maternal and perinatal outcomes (n = 372)

From: Measuring resilience and stress during pregnancy and its relation to vulnerability and pregnancy outcomes in a nulliparous cohort study

 

Resilience

Low

Moderate/High

RR [95% CI]

Onset of Labour

 Spontaneous

126 (66.0%)

115 (63.5%)

Ref

 Induced/Elective C-section

65 (34.0%)

66 (36.5%)

0.94 [0.76–1.17]

Preterm

 pi-PTB

10 (5.2%)

4 (2.2%)

1.39 [0.98–1.96]

 Spontaneous

10 (5.2%)

15 (8.2%)

0.77 [0.47–1.27]

 No

171 (89.6%)

162 (89.6%)

Ref

Mode of delivery

 Vaginal

98 (51.3%)

99 (54.7%)

Ref

 C-section

93 (48.7%)

82 (45.3%)

1.06 [0.87–1.30]

Postpartum discharge a

 1–3 days

152 (80.0%)

145 (81.5%)

Ref

  > 3 days

38 (20.0%)

33 (18.5%)

0.95 [0.75–1.22]

Non-reassuring fetal status b

22 (19.6%)

23 (16.2%)

1.13 [0.81–1.59]

Adequacy of birth weigh

 SGA

25 (13.1%)

23 (12.7%)

0.99 [0.74–1.33]

 AGA

155 (81.1%)

141 (77.9%)

Ref

 LGA

11 (5.8%)

17 (9.4%)

0.75 [0.46–1.20]

Fetal death

1 (0.5%)

0 (0%)

-

Neonatal death c

0 (0%)

2 (1.1%)

-

NICU admission

12 (6.3%)

15 (8.3%)

0.85 [0.55–1.32]

Low 5-min Apgar Score

2 (1.0%)

2 (1.1%)

0.97 [0.36–2.60]

Intubation at birth c

2 (1.1%)

3 (1.7%)

0.77 [0.26–2.29]

GDM d

32 (22.1%)

29 (17.1%)

1.17 [0.89–1.55]

Pre-eclampsia e

14 (7.3%)

11 (6.1%)

1.10 [0.76–1.57]

Any Great Obstetric Syndrome f

58 (39.2%)

51 (29.7%)

1.24 [0.98–1.57]

APO

12 (6.3%)

16 (8.8%)

0.82 [0.53–1.27]

Neonatal Near Miss

7 (3.7%)

6 (3.3%)

1.05 [0.62–1.75]

Maternal mortality

1 (0.5%)

2 (1.1%)

0.64 [0.13–3.21]

Total

191

183

 
  1. Missing information for a) 4, b) 18, c) 1, d) 55, e) 48, f) 52 cases. AGA adequate for gestational age, APO adverse perinatal outcomes, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, LGA large for gestational age, NICU neonatal intensive care unit, pi-PTB provider initiated Preterm Birth, SGA small for gestational age. APO was defined as having at least one of the following: NICU admission, intubation, hypoglycemia, 5th minute Apgar < 7, oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation