Table 4 Newborn characteristics of mothers who gave birth through induced and spontaneous labor in public hospitals of Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Variables | Induced labor (n = 260) | Spontaneous labor (n = 528) | Total (n = 788) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | χ2, Asymptotic Significance (2-sided) | ||
Birth outcome | Dead | 13(68.4%) | 6(31.6%) | 19(2.4%) | 0.001 |
Alive | 247(32.1%) | 522(67.9%) | 769(97.6%) | ||
Sex | Male | 129(36.9%) | 221(63.1%) | 350(44.4%) | 0.039 |
Female | 131(29.9%) | 307(70.1%) | 438(55.6%) | ||
Newborn birth weight in gram | < 2500 | 12(66.7%) | 6(33.3%) | 18(2.3%) | 0.002 |
2500–4000 | 244 (31.9%) | 520(68.1%) | 764(97%) | ||
> 4000 | 4(66.7%) | 2(33.3%) | 6(0.7%) | ||
First minute APGAR score | Low APGAR score (< 7) | 77(70%) | 33(30%) | 110(14%) | < 0.001 |
Normal APGAR score ( > = 7) | 183(27%) | 495(73%) | 678(86%) | ||
Fifth minute APGAR score | Low APGAR score (< 7) | 21(67.7%) | 10(32.3%) | 31(3.9%) | < 0.001 |
Normal APGAR score ( > = 7) | 239(31.6%) | 518(68.4%) | 757(96.1%) | ||
Need of resuscitation | Yes | 93(69.4%) | 41(30.6%) | 134(17%) | < 0.001 |
No | 167(25.5%) | 487(74.5%) | 654(83%) | ||
NICU admission | Yes | 40(57.1%) | 30(42.9%) | 70(8.9%) | < 0.001 |
No | 220(30.6%) | 498 (69.4%) | 718(91.1%) | ||
Indication of NICU admissionR | Asphyxia | 16(64%) | 9(36%) | 25(35.7%) | < 0.001 |
Prematurity | 5(41.7%) | 7(58.3%) | 12(17.1%) | ||
Jaundice | 7(50%) | 7(50%) | 14(20%) | ||
Others* | 12(63.2%) | 7(36.8%) | 19(27.2%) | ||
Newborn Jaundice | Yes | 13(56.5%) | 10(43.5%) | 23(2.9%) | 0.015 |
No | 247(32.3%) | 518(67.7%) | 765(97.1%) | ||
Newborn outcome | Favorable | 153(24.4%) | 474((75.6%) | 627(79.6%) | < 0.001 |
Unfavorable | 107(66.5%) | 54(33.5%) | 161(20.4%) | ||