Table 3 Multivariable multilevel mixed effect logistic regression analysis of factors associated with short birth intervals among reproductive age woman’s in Ethiopia, 2019

 15–24

1

–

1

 25–34

.40(.35, .45)^a

–

.40(.35, .45) ^a

 35–49

.40(.38, .51) ^a

–

.44(.38, .51) ^a

 Orthodox

1

–

1

 Muslim

3.4 (2.63, 4.38) ^a

–

3.5 (2.7, 4.69) ^a

 Protestant

.75(.6, .94)

–

.7 (.59, 1.41)

 Others

8.0 (5.66, 14.51)

–

9 (5.6, 14.42)

 No education

.51(.28, .53) ^a

–

.5(.37, .70) ^a

 Primary education

.39(.28, .53) ^a

–

.4(.28, .53) ^a

 Secondary education

.34(.24, .48) ^a

–

.3(.24, .48) ^a

 Higher education

1

–

1

 Poor

1

–

1

 Middle

1.35 (1.2, 1.53 ^a

–

1.3 (1.20,1.52) ^a

 Rich

1.47 (1.29, 1.67) ^a

–

1.4 (1.30,1.68) ^a

 Female

1.42 (1.06, 1.86)

–

1.3 (1.09, 1.42) ^a

 Male

1

–

1

 Female

1.24 (1.09, 1.42) ^a

–

1.2 (0.09, 1.42)

 Male

1

–

1

 No

1.06(.77, 1.46)

–

1.0(.76, 1.45)

 Yes

1

–

1

 Never

.55(.44, .68) ^a

–

1.2 (1.01, 2.67)

 Still breastfeeding

.37(.33, .41) ^a

–

.4(.33, 1.41)

 Currently breastfeeding

1

–

1

 <=2

.28(.25, .32) ^a

–

.2(.25, .32) ^a

 > 2

1

–

 No

1.01(.919, 1.10)

–

1.0(.92,1.11)

 Yes

1

–

1

 Tigray

–

1

1

 Afar

–

1.98(.85, 4.59)

.4(.15, 1.12)

 Amhara

–

.40(.18, .86) ^a

.4(.17, 1.01)

 Oromia

–

1.32(.63, 2.79)

.7(.30, 1.75)

 Somali

–

3.60 (1.61, 8.03) ^a

.6(.26, 1.79)

 Beneshangul Gumuz

–

1.29(.52, 3.21)

.5(.20, 1.64)

 SNNPR

–

.80(.38, 1.68)

.7(.33, 1.89)

 Gambella

–

.61(.21, 1.73)

.4(.123,1.39)

 Harari

–

1.41(.48, 4.11)

.3(.10, 1.18)

 Addis Ababa

–

1.62(.62, 4.24)

.9(.32, 2.92)

 Dire Dawa

–

1.42(.53, 3.78)

.3(.12, 1.14)

 Rural

–

1.04(.64, 1.69)

1.3(.74, 2.30)

 Urban

–

1

1