Fetal death as an outcome of acute respiratory distress in pregnancy, during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based cohort study in Bahia, Brazil

Table 2 Acute Respiratory Distress (ARD) in pregnant women (N and %) according to gestational characteristics. Bahia, Brazil, Jan 2019 – Jun 2021 ^a

	ARD during pregnancy
Gestational characteristics	Yes ( N = 765)		No ( N = 200,214)		p ^b
Gestational characteristics	n	%	N	%	p ^b
Fetal death	765	100.00	200,214	100.00	< *0.001*
Yes	32	4.18	2,678	1.34
No	733	95.82	197,536	98.66
Type of pregnancy	695	100.00	199,803	100.00	< *0.001*
Single fetus	663	95.40	195,527	97.86
Twin fetus or more	32	4.60	4,276	2.14
Fetus sex	697	100.00	200,001	100.00	0.410
Male	345	49.50	102,263	51.13
Female	352	50.50	97,738	48.87
Parity	618	100.00	179,053	100.00	0.169
1^st pregnancy	199	32.20	62,522	34.92
2^nd or more	419	67.80	116,531	65.08
Type of delivery	694	100.00	199,972	100.00	< *0.001*
Vaginal	234	33.72	108,256	54.14
Cesarean	460	66.28	91,536	45.77
Congenital anomaly	645	100.00	193,458	100.00	0.123
Yes	9	1.40	1,512	0.78
No	636	98.60	191,946	99.22

Source: Live birth information system (SINASC); Mortality information system (SIM); Epidemiological Surveillance System of Acute Respiratory Distress (SIVEP)
^aThe exposed group (ARD during pregnancy = Yes) is composed of women who had ARD in pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic period (Jan 2020 to Jun 2021). The non-exposed group (ARD during pregnancy = No) comprised women who had a pregnancy before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (Jan to Dec 2019) and did not have ARD during pregnancy. These groups differ not only because of ARD during pregnancy but also because of the environmental changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic
^bTwo-tailed Z test (significance level of 5%)

ISSN: 1471-2393