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Table 5 Effect of interpregnancy interval (IPI) on neonatal adverse events

From: Association between interpregnancy interval and maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes in women with a cesarean delivery: a population-based study

Outcome

Interpregnancy interval

 ≤ 11 month

12 ~ 17 month

18 ~ 23 month

24 ~ 35 month

36 ~ 59 month

 ≥ 60 month

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

Neonatal adverse events

 Total population

1.14 (1.07–1.21)

 < 0.001

1.07 (1.03–1.10)

 < 0.001

1.00 [Ref]

0.99 (0.97–1.02)

0.714

0.99 (0.97–1.02)

0.732

1.05 (1.02–1.08)

 < 0.001

 Age group

   < 35

1.14 (1.07–1.21)

 < 0.001

1.06 (1.02–1.11)

0.002

1.00 [Ref]

0.99 (0.97–1.03)

0.761

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

0.321

1.03 (1.01–1.06)

0.089

   ≥ 35

1.15 (0.96–1.37)

0.130

1.06 (0.97–1.16)

0.164

1.00 [Ref]

0.99 (0.94–1.06)

0.941

1.04 (0.98–1.10)

0.222

1.10 (1.04–1.17)

 < 0.001

 Previous preterm births group

   No

1.14 (1.07–1.21)

 < 0.001

1.06 (1.02–1.10)

0.002

1.00 [Ref]

0.99 (0.97–1.02)

0.733

0.99 (0.97–1.02)

0.683

1.05 (1.02–1.08)

 < 0.001

  Yes

1.17 (0.95–1.44)

0.135

1.13 (0.99–1.29)

0.071

1.00 [Ref]

0.99 (0.89–1.10)

0.891

1.01 (0.91–1.12)

0.856

1.03 (0.93–1.14)

0.592

Low birth weight

 Total population

1.38 (1.26–1.52)

 < 0.001

1.07 (1.01–1.14)

0.035

1.00 [Ref]

1.07 (1.02–1.13)

0.006

1.22 (1.17–1.28)

 < 0.001

1.51 (1.44–1.58)

 < 0.001

 Age group

   < 35

1.39 (1.26–1.53)

 < 0.001

1.09 (1.02–1.16)

0.015

1.00 [Ref]

1.09 (1.03–1.15)

0.001

1.24 (1.18–1.31)

 < 0.001

1.51 (1.44–1.59)

 < 0.001

   ≥ 35

1.39 (1.05–1.83)

0.022

0.97 (0.83–1.13)

0.669

1.00 [Ref]

0.99 (0.89–1.11)

0.964

1.16 (1.04–1.29)

0.007

1.49 (1.35–1.65)

 < 0.001

 Previous preterm births group

   No

1.41 (1.28–1.56)

 < 0.001

1.07 (1.01–1.14)

0.053

1.00 [Ref]

1.06 (1.01–1.12)

0.031

1.22 (1.16–1.28)

 < 0.001

1.51 (1.44–1.58)

 < 0.001

   Yes

1.24 (0.98–1.56)

0.067

1.07 (0.91–1.26)

0.390

1.00 [Ref]

1.14 (1.01–1.30)

0.059

1.23 (1.08–1.40)

0.002

1.51 (1.33–1.71)

 < 0.001

Premature birth

Total population

0.99 (0.44–2.24)

0.996

1.01 (0.61–1.68)

0.963

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.68–1.49)

0.974

0.98 (0.67–1.44)

0.930

1.01 (0.69–1.48)

0.960

 Age group

       < 35

1.01 (0.43–2.38)

0.976

1.02 (0.59–1.76)

0.940

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.65–1.56)

0.974

0.98 (0.64–1.49)

0.918

1.01 (0.66–1.52)

0.996

       ≥ 35

0.93 (0.08–10.44)

0.956

0.98 (0.27–3.50)

0.972

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.41–2.44)

0.998

0.99 (0.42–2.36)

0.990

1.01 (0.44–2.31)

0.980

 Previous preterm births group

   No

0.99 (0.42–2.35)

0.979

1.01 (0.59–1.73)

0.959

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.66–1.52)

0.982

0.98 (0.66–1.47)

0.937

1.01 (0.68–1.51)

0.958

   Yes

1.07 (0.12–9.69)

0.951

1.01 (0.23–4.44)

0.987

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.31–3.36)

0.981

0.97 (0.30–3.15)

0.966

1.01 (0.31–3.26)

0.984

Apgar score at 5 min < 7

 Total population

1.10 (0.96–1.28)

0.177

1.03 (0.94–1.14)

0.476

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.93–1.08)

0.860

1.01 (0.94–1.08)

0.884

1.03 (0.95–1.10)

0.497

 Age group

   < 35

1.08 (0.92–1.26)

0.345

1.03 (0.93–1.13)

0.631

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.92–1.09)

0.996

0.98 (0.91–1.06)

0.638

0.98 (0.90–1.06)

0.592

   ≥ 35

1.49 (0.98–2.27)

0.061

1.12 (0.87–1.43)

0.385

1.00 [Ref]

1.03 (0.86–1.24)

0.730

1.10 (0.92–1.31)

0.291

1.11 (0.94–1.31)

0.214

 Previous preterm births group

   No

1.12 (0.96–1.31)

0.151

1.03 (0.93–1.14)

0.544

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.93–1.09)

0.892

0.99 (0.92–1.07)

0.868

1.03 (0.96–1.11)

0.417

   Yes

1.03 (0.71–1.51)

0.862

1.06 (0.80–1.41)

0.674

1.00 [Ref]

1.02 (0.81–1.30)

0.836

1.11 (0.88–1.39)

0.377

0.96 (0.77–1.21)

0.734

Abnormal conditions of the newborn

 Total population

1.18 (1.11–1.25)

 < 0.001

1.07 (1.03–1.11)

 < 0.001

1.00 [Ref]

1.02 (0.99–1.05)

0.278

1.02 (0.99–1.05)

0.145

1.05 (1.02–1.08)

 < 0.001

 Age group

   < 35

1.18 (1.10–1.26)

 < 0.001

1.06 (1.02–1.11)

0.003

1.00 [Ref]

1.02 (0.99–1.06)

0.207

1.02 (0.99–1.06)

0.194

1.06 (1.02–1.09)

 < 0.001

   ≥ 35

1.14 (0.95–1.38)

0.162

1.08 (0.98–1.19)

0.102

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.95–1.08)

0.731

1.04 (0.98–1.11)

0.211

1.08 (1.02–1.15)

0.011

 Previous preterm births group

   No

1.17 (1.10–1.25)

 < 0.001

1.07 (1.03–1.11)

0.001

1.00 [Ref]

1.01 (0.98–1.05)

0.352

1.02 (0.99–1.05)

0.135

1.06 (1.03–1.09)

 < 0.001

   Yes

1.20 (0.99–1.45)

0.061

1.09 (0.96–1.23)

0.204

1.00 [Ref]

1.02 (0.92–1.13)

0.669

0.99 (0.89–1.10)

0.845

0.99 (0.90–1.10)

0.885

  1. OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval, Ref reference; OR shows the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for age (unadjusted in age group analysis), race, weight gain, smoking before pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, prenatal care, pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy diabetes, gestational diabetes, pre-pregnancy hypertension, gestation hypertension, eclampsia, assisted reproductive treatment, gestational age, clinical chorioamnionitis or maternal fever during labor, and previous preterm birth (unadjusted in previous preterm births group analysis)
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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