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Table 3 Results of linear mixed model analyses of SF-8 subscale scores for pregnant women

From: Longitudinal study of the relationship between number of prior miscarriages or stillbirths and changes in quality of life of pregnant women: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

Effect

Level

Period

Adjusteda

NMS

General health

Physical functioning

Role physical

Bodily pain

Vitality

Social functioning

Mental health

Role emotional

β(95%CI)

β (95%CI)

β (95%CI)

β (95%CI)

β (95%CI)

β (95%CI)

β (95%CI)

β (95%CI)

Period

 

Early

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

 

Mid/late

4.56

(4.29, 4.82)

 − 0.48

(− 0.76, − 0.20)

2.81

(2.48, 3.13)

 − 3.31

(− 3.61, -3.00)

3.37

(3.11, 3.63)

2.11

(1.78, 2.45)

0.51

(0.27, 0.75)

1.63

(1.34, 1.91)

NMS

0

Early

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

1

Early

0.10

(− 0.03, 0.24)

 − 0.43

(− 0.57, − 0.28)

 − 0.51

(− 0.68, − 0.34)

 − 0.06

(− 0.21, 0.10)

 − 0.09

(− 0.22, 0.05)

 − 0.41

(− 0.59, − 0.24)

 − 0.18

(− 0.31, − 0.05)

 − 0.15

(− 0.30, 0.01)

2

Early

0.10

(− 0.17, 0.38)

 − 0.73

(− 1.03, − 0.42)

 − 0.75

(− 1.10, − 0.39)

 − 0.10

(− 0.41, 0.20)

 − 0.02

(− 0.29, 0.26)

 − 0.57

(− 0.92, − 0.21)

 − 0.34

(− 0.60, − 0.08)

 − 0.18

(− 0.50, 0.13)

 ≥ 3

Early

0.14

(− 0.38, 0.67)

 − 1.12

(− 1.71, − 0.53)

 − 1.11

(− 1.80, − 0.42)

 − 0.51

(− 1.10, 0.09)

 − 0.01

(− 0.51, 0.50)

 − 0.95

(− 1.63, − 0.28)

 − 0.07

(− 0.56, 0.41)

 − 0.75

(− 1.40, − 0.10)

NMS × Period

0 × 

Mid/late

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

1 × 

Mid/late

0.03

(− 0.12, 0.18)

0.27

(0.11, 0.44)

0.41

(0.22, 0.59)

 − 0.01

(− 0.18, 0.16)

0.21

(0.06, 0.36)

0.22

(0.02, 0.41)

0.14

(0.00, 0.28)

0.15

(− 0.01, 0.32)

2 × 

Mid/late

 − 0.16

(− 0.46, 0.15)

0.38

(0.03, 0.73)

0.16

(− 0.23, 0.56)

0.15

(− 0.18, 0.49)

0.01

(− 0.29, 0.31)

0.11

(− 0.29, 0.51)

0.16

(− 0.12, 0.44)

 − 0.19

(− 0.54, 0.17)

 ≥ 3 × 

Mid/late

0.07

(− 0.50, 0.63)

0.93

(0.26, 1.59)

0.64

(− 0.11, 1.40)

0.87

(0.23, 1.51)

 − 0.13

(− 0.66, 0.40)

0.22

(− 0.55, 0.98)

0.27

(− 0.25, 0.79)

0.54

(− 0.21, 1.28)

  1. Boldface indicates significance at p values less than 0.05
  2. NMS Number of miscarriages or stillbirths
  3. aAdjusted for age during pregnancy; pre-pregnancy BMI; parity; physical activity; history of depression, anxiety disorder, dysautonomia, or schizophrenia; history of any physical disease; marital status; employed during early pregnancy; highest educational level; annual household income; alcohol intake; smoking status; morning sickness; questionnaires administered in early pregnancy; questionnaires administered in mid/late pregnancy