Table 2 Intrapartum management and labour outcomes between women with cervical os dilatation of 4 cm and 6 cm, n = 3980

Meconium stained liquor at amniotomy, n (%)

193 (5.7)

28 (4.9)

0.427^b

Oxytocin augmentation, n (%)

2098 (61.7)

100 (17.3)

 < 0.001^b

Use of epidural analgesia, n (%)

683 (20.1)

23 (4.0)

 < 0.001^b

Mean duration from active phase of labour to delivery ± SD, hours

4.1 ± 2.7

1.6 ± 1.5

 < 0.001^a

Caesarean section, n (%)

490 (14.4)

21 (3.6)

 < 0.001^b

Caesarean section for fetal distress, n (%)

337 (68.8)

14 (66.7)

 < 0.001^b

Caesarean section for poor progress of labour, n (%)

131 (26.7)

4 (19.0)

 < 0.001^b

3^rd and 4^th degree perineal tear, n (%)

11 (0.4)

3 (0.5)

0.443^c

Postpartum haemorrhage, n (%)

97 (2.9)

11 (1.9)

0.197^b

Mean birth weight ± SD, g

3133.3 ± 359.2

3171.3 ± 352.6

0.019^a

Apgar score at 5 min < 7, n (%)

17 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

0.157^c

Arterial cord pH ≤ 7.20, n (%)

344 (10.1)

42 (7.3)

0.047^b

Admission to NICU, n (%)

523 (15.4)

65 (11.3)

0.01^b

Meconium aspiration syndrome, n (%)

8 (4.1)

0 (0.0)

0.612^c