Table 1 Baseline characteristic of included studies
From: COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authort/Year | Country | Journal/full paper or abstract | Type of study | Study duration | Total Patients (n) | Age | Type of Vaccine | Evaluated Outcomes | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wainstock, T. [22] / 2021 | Israel | Vaccine | Retrospective cohort | January-June 2021 | 4399 | Vaccinated: 30.6 ± 5.3/Unvaccinated: 28.2 ± 5.7 | Pfizer-BioNTech | Pregnancy related hypertensive disorders Oligohydramnios Polyhydramnios Pathological presentation Meconium stained amniotic fluid Gestational age at delivery (mean ± SD) Apgar < 7 at 5 min Non reassuring fetal monitoring Cesarean delivery Vacuum delivery Placental abruption Postpartum hemorrhage Maternal postpartum fever Length of maternal hospitalization, days (median, range) Following cesarean delivery, Following vaginal delivery Birthweight, gr. (mean ± SD) Small for gestational age Newborn respiratory complications Newborn fever Length of newborn hospitalization, days (median, range) Following cesarean delivery,Following vaginal delivery | Good |
Theiler, R. N [23]/ 2021 | United States | American journal of obstetrics and gynecology | Cohort | December2020—April 2021 | 2002 | 30.1 ± 5.2 | Johnson & Johnson/ Moderna/Pfizer-BioNTech" | Length of stay Quantitative blood loss > 1000 mL Transfusion Thromboembolism Stroke Eclampsia or preeclampsia up to 72 h from delivery Gestational hypertension Low birthweight (< 2500 g) Very low birthweight (< 1500 g) Stillbirth Spontaneous vaginal Operative vaginal Cesarean delivery Gestational age at delivery Maternal death during hospitalization Intrapartum neonatal death within 7 d of birth, ≥ 2500 g, ≥ 37 wk, Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Uterine rupture Unplanned maternal ICU admission, Birth trauma, Return to the operating room, Neonatal ICU admission within 1 d of birth, 5-min Apgar score of < 7, Postpartum hemorrhage with transfusion Third- or fourth-degree laceration | Good |
Rottenstreich, M. [24]/ 2022 | Israel | Bjog | Retrospective cohort | January-April 2021 | 5745 | vaccinated:30.6 ± 5.8 /unvaccinated:29.5 ± 6 | Pfizer– BioNTech | Birthweight > 4000 g, Birthweight, g, LGA, SGA, Male gender, 1-min Apgar score ≤ 7, 5-min Apgar score ≤ 7, Intrauterine fetal death, NICU admission, Meconium aspiration syndrome, Jaundice, TTN, Mechanical ventilation, Seizures, Hypoglycemia, Sepsis, Encephalopathy Intracranial hemorrhage, Birth asphyxia, Composite adverse neonatal outcome, Gestational age at delivery, Gestational age at delivery < 34 weeks, Gestational age at delivery < 37 weeks, Induction of labor, Oxytocin augmentation of labor, Epidural analgesia, Meconium-stained amniotic fluid, Chorioamnionitis, Caesarean delivery, Elective caesarean delivery, In-labor caesarean delivery, Home/car delivery, Vacuum-assisted delivery, Hospitalization length, days Prolonged hospital stays, Episiotomy, Maternal ICU admission, Postpartum hemorrhage, Placental abruption, Hemoglobin drop, g/dl, Hemoglobin drop > 4 g/dl, Puerperal fever, Blood products transfusion, Composite adverse maternal outcome | Good |
Mayo [25]/ 2021 | Israel | medrxiv | Cohort | January-June 2021 | 1702 | Control group:29.5 ± 5.5/Past SARS-Cov-2 group:28.7 ± 5.5/Vaccinated group:31.4 ± 6.1 | Pfizer– BioNTech | Infant sex Birthweight NICU Maternal comorbidities, Hypertensive disorders Diabetes or gestational diabetes Gestational age, weeks Preterm delivery (< 37) | Good |
Magnus [4] /2022 | Sweden & Norway | JAMA | Registry-based retrospective cohort | January 2021—January 2022 | 157,521 | 31 (NR) | Pfizer– BioNTech, Moderna, Oxford–AstraZeneca | Preterm birth, Very preterm birth, Stillbirth, Small for gestational age, Low Apgar score, Neonatal care admission | Good |
Goldshtein [26]/2022 | Israel | JAMA Pediatrics | Prospective cohort | March-September 2021 | 24,288 | N.A | Pfizer– BioNTech | Preterm births, SGA, Inpatient hospitalizations, Recorded congenital anomalies, Jaundice requiring phototherapy, All cause death over the study period | Good |
Fell [27]/2022 | Canada | JAMA | Population-based retrospective cohort | December2020—September 2021 | 97,590 | N.A | Pfizer– BioNTech, Moderna, Oxford–AstraZeneca | Postpartum hemorrhage, Chorioamnionitis, Cesarean delivery, Emergency cesarean delivery, Neonatal ICU (NICU) admission, Low newborn 5-min Apgar score | Good |
Dick [28]/2022 | Israel | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | Retrospective cohort | December2020—July 2021 | 5618 | Median (IQR) Vaccinated (n = 2305): 30(26–34) Unvaccinated (n = 3313): 30(26–34) | Pfizer– BioNTech, Moderna | Preterm birth, Small for gestational age, Gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, Gestational age at delivery, Birthweight, Stillbirth, Mode of delivery, Postpartum hemorrhage, 5-min Apgar score, Umbilical artery pH and base excess | Good |
Citu [29]/2022 | Romania | Viruses | Prospective cohort | May—December 2021 | 702 | Vaccinated (n = 173): 29.8 ± 6.1 Unvaccinated (n = 529): 31.2 ± 6.6 | Pfizer– BioNTech, Johnson & Johnson | Gestational diabetes mellitus, Gestational hypertension, Oligohydramnios, Polyhydramnios, Placental abruption, Assisted birth, Cesarean delivery, Preterm delivery, Postpartum hemorrhage, Hospital stays, days, APGAR score < 7 at 5 min, Abnormal fetal monitoring, Meconium aspiration, Small for gestational age, Weight, Fever, ARDS | Fair |
Blakeway[30]/2022 | United Kingdom | American journal of obstetrics and gynecology | Retrospective cohort | March—July 2021 | 1328 | At least 1 dose during pregnancy (n = 140): 35.0 (31.7–37.0) Did not receive a vaccine during pregnancy (n = 1188): 33.0 (30.0–36.0) | Pfizer– BioNTech, Moderna, Oxford–AstraZeneca | Stillbirth, Neonatal death, Fetal abnormalities, Preterm birth before 37 weeks’ gestation, GA at birth in weeks, Intrapartum complications (pyrexia, suspected chorioamnionitis, placental abruption, and postpartum hemorrhage), Birthweight z score, Mode of birth (cesarean delivery, instrumental delivery, or unassisted vaginal delivery), Maternal high-dependency unit or intensive care unit (ICU) admission, Neonatal ICU admission | Good |
Beharier [6]/2021 | Israel | The Journal of clinical investigation | Prospective cohort | April 2020—March 2021 | 1094 | Control group (n = 66): 31.6 ± 5.8 Past SARS-CoV-2 group (n = 74):28.8 ± 5.8 Vaccinated group (n = 92):31.7 ± 5.8 | Pfizer– BioNTech | Gestational age, Preterm delivery (< 37), Birthweight, NICU, Maternal and cord blood serological IgG response to S1, S2, RBD, and N antigens | Good |