Table 2 Characteristics Related to Urogenital Fistula Stratified by Etiology of Fistula

Age when fistula developed (median, IQR)

24 (18–30.5)

26 (19.25–36.5)

23 (18–30)

.043

Years with fistula (median, IQR)

6 (2–15)

4.5 (1–15.75)

6 (2–13.5)

.614

Years with fistula

.368

 0–5

61 (48.8)

26 (54.2)

35 (45.5)

 6–15

35 (28.0)

10 (20.8)

25 (32.5)

 15 + 

29 (23.2)

12 (25.0)

17 (22.1)

Parity at fistula (median, IQR)

3 (1.5–5)

4 (2–5)

2 (1–4.5)

.020

Days in labor (median, IQR)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

.318

Where labor started

.002

 Home

55 (44.0)

13 (27.1)

42 (54.5)

 Health center

45 (36.0)

19 (39.6)

26 (33.8)

 Hospital

25 (20.0)

16 (33.3)

9 (11.7)

Individual that helped in labor

.003

 Family member

55 (44.0)

13 (27.1)

42 (54.5)

 Medical worker

70 (56.0)

35 (72.9)

35 (45.5)

Delivery attempted before arriving at hospital

100 (80.0)

32 (66.7)

68 (88.3)

.003

Type of Cesarean Section

.001

 Fetal extraction

119

42 (87.5)

77 (100.0)

 Cesarean Section (fetus alive)

(95.2)

6 (4.8)

6 (12.5)

0 (0)

Number of days post CS that urine leakage occurred (median, IQR)

2 (1–4)

2 (1–7)

2 (1–3)

.055

Number of days post CS that urine leakage occurred – grouped

.005

 1–2

74 (59.2)

25 (52.1)

49 (63.6)

 3–6

27 (21.6)

7 (14.6)

20 (26.0)

 7 + 

24 (19.2)

16 (33.3)

8 (10.4)

Fistula type and location

 < .001

 Ureterovaginal

  Left

10 (8.0)

10 (20.8)

0 (0)

  Right

3 (2.4)

3 (6.3)

0 (0)

  Vesicouterine (intracervical)

35 (28.0)

35 (72.9)

0 (0)

 Vesicovaginal

  Mid or low vagina

38 (30.4)

0 (0)

38 (49.4)

 Apical (juxtacervical)

39 (31.2)

0 (0)

39 (50.6)

Surgical route

 < .001

 Abdominal

49 (39.2)

46 (95.8)

3 (3.9)

 Vaginal

76 (60.8)

2 (4.2)

74 (96.1)