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Table 3 Infant birth outcomes by place of delivery

From: Antenatal and delivery practices and neonatal mortality amongst women with institutional and non-institutional deliveries in rural Zimbabwe: observational data from a cluster randomized trial

Infant birth outcome

Place of Delivery

 

Institution

Non-Institution

 

Birthplace Unknown

No. (%) [N] or Mean (SD) [N]

No. (%) [N] or Mean (SD) [N]

RR (95% CI) p or Mean diff. (95% CI) p

No. (%) [N] or Mean (SD) [N]

Female

1961 (49.3%) [3979]

262 (49.8%) [526]

1.02 (0.93, 1.11); 0.733

164 (48.5%) [338]

Birth weight (kg)

3.1 (0.5) [3824]

2.9 (0.6) [316]

−0.17(−0.23, −0.11); < 0.001

3.0 (0.5) [161]

Low birthweight

  < 2.5 Kg

344 (9.0%) [3824]

47 (14.9%) [316]

1.65 (1.24, 2.19); < 0.001

3 (1.9%) [161]

  < 2.0 Kg

94 (2.5%) [3824]

24 (7.6%) [316]

3.09(2.00; 4.77)0.000

3 (1.9%) [161]

  < 1.5 Kg

25 (0.7%) [3824]

7 (2.2%) [316]

3.39(1.48;7.77)0.004

3 (1.9%) [161]

Gestational age at delivery (weeks)

 Estimate 1

38.9 (2.4) [3288]

37.7 (3.0) [253]

−1.15 (−1.46, −0.84); < 0.001

38.4 (2.8) [126]

 Estimate 2

38.8 (2.6) [3440]

37.3 (4.4) [462]

−1.54 (−1.81, −1.26); < 0.001

38.2 (4.4) [295]

Preterm (< 37 wk)

 Estimate 1

555 (16.9%) [3288]

82 (32.4%) [253]

1.92 (1.58, 2.33); < 0.001

29 (23.0%) [126]

 Estimate 2

592 (17.2%) [3441]

175 (37.9%) [462]

2.20 (1.92, 2.53); < 0.001

85 (28.1%) [303]

Small-for-gestational age (<10th centile)

524 (15.9%) [3288]

44 (17.4%) [253]

1.09 (0.82, 1.44); 0.541

23 (18.3%) [126]

Preterm AND Small-for-gestational age

33(1.0%) [3288]

8(3.2%) [253]

3.15 (1.47, 6.75); 0.003

2(1.6%) [126]

Stillbirth

50 (1.2%) [4029]

16 (3.0%) [542]

2.38 (1.36, 4.15); 0.002

47 (12.2%) [385]

Neonatal Death

94 (2.4%) [3979]

25 (4.8%) [526]

2.01 (1.31, 3.10); 0.001

33 (9.76%) [338]

  1. Estimate 1 – does not include those with missing birthweight
  2. Estimate 2 – includes those with missing birthweight