Skip to main content

Table 3 Assessment of risk of bias for studies with a control group (EPOC)

From: Interventions to enhance medication adherence in pregnancy- a systematic review

Study ID

Study design

Random sequence generation

Allocation concealment

Blinding of participants and personnel

Blinding of outcome assessment

Incomplete outcome data

Selective reporting

Baseline outcome measurements similar

Baseline Characteristics similar

Knowledge of allocated interventions adequately prevented

Protection against contamination

Other bias

Carter et al., 2020 [41]

RCT

Low

Low

High

Unclear

Low

Low

High

Low

High

High

 

de Lima et al., 2016 [42]

Comparative (non-randomised)

High

High

Unclear

Unclear

Low

High

Unclear

High

Unclear

Low

Selection

Kim et al., 2019 [45]

RCT

Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

High

Low

Unclear

Low

Unclear

High

 

Potter et al., 2019 [49]

Comparative (non-randomised)

High

High

High

Unclear

Low

Low

Low

High

Unclear

High

Selection; unbalanced group sizes

Pintye et al., 2020 [48]

Comparative (non-randomised)

High

High

High

High

High

Low

Unclear

Unclear

High

Low

 

Psaros et al., 2022 [50]

RCT

Low

Unclear

Unclear

High

High

Low

High

Low

Unclear

Unclear

Small sample

Weiss et al., 2014 [51]

RCT

Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Low

Low

Low

Low

Unclear

Low

 

Yotebieng et al., 2016 [52]

RCT

Unclear

unclear

Unclear

Unclear

High

Low

Low

Low

Unclear

Low

Loss to follow up no ITT.