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Table 3 Logistic regression models for dependence of facility delivery on education, N = 1,020

From: Examining socioeconomic status disparities in facility-based childbirth in Kenya: role of perceived need, accessibility, and quality of care

 

Odds of delivering in a Health facility: OR [95% CI]

 

Model 1

Unadjusted Education model

Model 2

Education + covariates

Model 3

Education + covariates + mediators

Education

   

No school/Primary

Ref.

Ref.

 

Post-primary/vocational/Secondary

3.22*** [1.98, 5.23]

2.21** [1.28, 3.82]

2.24** [1.29, 3.91]

University/ college or above

9.41*** [2.94, 30.1]

4.96* [1.43, 17.3]

4.77* [1.34, 16.89]

Age

   

15 to 19 years

 

1.99 [0.98, 4.05]

2.25* [1.07, 4.72]

20 to 29 years

 

Ref.

Ref.

30 to 48 years

 

0.76 [0.47. 1.21]

0.82 [0.50, 1.33]

Parity (no. of prior births)

   

0–1 prior births

 

0.95 [0.50, 1.79]

0.88 [0.45, 1.70]

2 to 3 prior births

 

Ref.

 

4 + prior births

 

0.72 [0.45, 1.14]

0.80 [0.49, 1.30]

Paid employment

   

No

 

Ref.

 

Yes

 

1.88* [1.09, 3.24]

1.63 [0.92, 2.87]

Literacy: ability to read and write

   

No

 

Ref.

 

Yes

 

1.62* [1.08, 2.41]

1.50 [0.99, 2.29]

Partner occupation

   

Agricultural labor/Casual labor

 

Ref.

 

Salaried worker

 

2.36 [0.96, 5.81]

2.20 [0.87, 5.53]

Self-employed in petty trade/small scale industry

 

1.04 [0.65, 1.64]

0.89 [0.55, 1.43]

Unemployed/homemaker/Other

 

0.55 [0.20, 1.47]

0.67 [0.24, 1.86]

No partner

 

0.78 [0.46, 1.31]

0.76 [0.44, 1.32]

Perceived need

  

0.98 [0.92, 1.06]

Perceived financial access

  

0.97 [0.80, 1.18]

Perceived physical access

  

1.45*** [1.24, 1.69]

Perceived provision of care

  

1.18*** [1.09, 1.29]

Perceived experience of Care

  

0.98 [0.95, 1.01]

Constant

3.97 [3.26, 4.83]

3.18 [2.00, 5.06]

0.41 [0.09, 1.73]

Observations

1020

1020

1020

Pseudo-R-squared”

0.06

0.1

0.15

BIC

817.8

852.2

844.9

  1. Model 1 is unadjusted education model, Model 2 is the adjusted model of education and covariates, Model 3 is the adjusted model of education + covariates and mediators
  2. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001