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Table 4 Factors associated with CoC utilization

From: Evaluating continuum of maternal and newborn healthcare in Rwanda: evidence from the 2019–2020 Rwanda demographic health survey

Characteristics

crude model

cOR (95% CI)

P-value

Adjusted model

aOR (95% CI)

P-value

Age

    

35 to 49

1

 

1

 

25 to 34

1.12 (0.98–1.27)

0.097

0.92 (0.79–1.08)

0.301

15 to 24

0.89 (0.59–1.36)

0.600

0.75 (0.48–1.17)

0.203

Household size

    

6 and above

1

 

1

 

Less than 6

1.27 (1.12–1.43)

< 0.001

1.12 (0.96–1.29)

0.150

Exposure to newspapers/magazines

    

No

1

 

1

 

Yes

1.84 (1.59–2.13)

< 0.001

1.30 (1.11–1.52)

0.001

Exposure to radio

    

No

1

 

1

 

Yes

1.62 (1.39–1.89)

< 0.001

1.15 (0.96–1.38)

0.137

Exposure to TV

    

No

1

 

1

 

Yes

1.50 (1.32–1.71)

< 0.001

1.15 (0.99–1.34)

0.075

Sex of Household head

    

Male

1

 

1

 

Female

0.84 (0.73–0.96)

0.011

0.99 (0.85–1.17)

0.967

Internet

    

No

1

 

1

 

Yes

2.06 (1.70–2.49)

< 0.001

1.30 (0.98–1.73)

0.66

Wealth Index

    

Poorest

1

 

1

 

Poorer

1.28 (1.06–1.55)

0.010

1.18 (0.97–1.44)

0.101

Middle

1.52 (1.26–1.83)

< 0.001

1.34 (1.09–1.64)

0.005

Richer

1.67 (1.39–2.02)

< 0.001

1.33 (1.07–1.65)

0.009

Richest

2.01 (1.64–2.47)

< 0.001

1.21 (0.93–1.57)

0.161

Parity

    

5 and above

1

 

1

 

2–4

1.57 (1.32–1.86)

< 0.001

1.41 (1.15–1.74)

0.001

Less than 2

1.66 (1.36–2.03)

< 0.001

1.52 (1.18–1.95)

0.001

Married/cohabiting

    

No

1

 

1

 

Yes

1.42 (1.22–1.65)

< 0.001

1.35 (1.11–1.64)

0.002

Visited by a fieldworker

    

No

1

 

1

 

Yes

1.35 (1.19–1.52)

< 0.001

1.31 (1.15–1.49)

< 0.001

Health insurance

    

No

1

 

1

 

Yes

1.99 (1.69–2.34)

< 0.001

1.55 (1.30–1.85)

< 0.001

Working

    

No

1

 

-

 

Yes

0.93 (0.81–1.07)

0.308

  

Permission to access healthcare

    

Big problem

1

 

1

 

Not big problem

1.80 (1.29–2.52)

0.001

1.33 (0.92–1.91)

0.129

Distance to health facility

    

Big problem

1

 

1

 

Not big problem

1.43 (1.24–1.66)

< 0.001

1.25 (1.07–1.46)

0.004

Region

    

North

1

 

1

 

East

1.22 (0.99–1.48)

0.052

1.24 (1.01–1.52)

0.037

West

0.73 (0.59–0.91)

0.006

0.76 (0.61–0.94)

0.013

South

1.25 (1.03–1.52)

0.023

1.26 (1.04–1.53)

0.021

Kigali

1.09 (0.84–1.42)

0.500

0.85 (0.66–1.11)

0.240

Residence

    

Rural

1

 

-

 

Urban

1.09 (0.92–1.29)

0.330

  

Education level

    

None

1

 

1

 

Primary

1.27 (1.03–1.56)

0.024

0.95 (0.77–1.18)

0.663

Secondary

1.58 (1.23–2.02)

< 0.001

0.92 (0.69–1.21)

0.528

Tertiary

3.82 (2.75–5.30)

< 0.001

1.61 (1.05–2.49)

0.031

Year of Birth

    

2014–2015

1

 

1

 

2016

1.12 (0.90–1.40)

0.310

1.11 (0.88–1.41)

0.378

2017

0.95 (0.77–1.16)

0.593

0.95 (0.76–1.18)

0.624

2018

1.15 (0.93–1.42)

0.211

1.16 (0.92–145)

0.208

2019

1.19 (0.95–1.49)

0.125

1.11 (0.88–1.41)

0.383

2020

1.16 (0.83–1.61)

0.381

0.95 (0.67–1.33)

0.759