Table 1 Characteristics of pregnant women with and without SGA birth

345

35 (10.1%)

310 (89.9%)

Maternal age

29 (27–33)

29 (27–33)

28 (26–32)

BMI

20.1 (18.5–22.1)

19.2 (17.3–21.0)

20.3 (18.6–22.1)

Passive smoking

 Yes

218

20 (9.2%)

198 (90.8)

 No

127

15 (11.8%)

112 (88.2%)

Adverse pregnancy history

 Yes

24

2 (8.3%)

22 (91.7%)

 No

321

33 (10.3%)

288 (89.7%)

Education level

 Non-high education

225

19 (8.4%)

206 (91.6%)

 High education

120

16 (13.3%)

104 (86.7%)

Economic level

 Low income

131

20 (15.3%)

111 (84.7%)

 Non-low income

214

15 (7.0%)

199 (93.0%)

Vegetarianism

 Yes

41

4 (9.8%)

37 (90.2%)

 No

304

31 (10.2%)

273 (89.8%)

Pregnancy anemia

 Yes

89

6 (6.7%)

83 (93.3%)

 No

256

29 (11.3%)

227 (88.7%)

Pregnancy hypothyroidism

 Yes

4

1 (25%)

3 (75%)

 No

341

34 (10%)

307 (90%)

Pregnancy diabetes

 Yes

66

6 (9.1%)

60 (90.9%)

 No

279

29 (10.4%)

250 (89.6%)

HDCP

 Yes

19

5 (26.3%)

14 (73.7%)

 No

326

30 (9.2%)

296 (90.8%)

Second trimester

Maternal depression

 Yes

97

17 (17.5%)

80 (82.5%)

 No

248

18 (7.3%)

126 (92.4%)

Third trimester

Maternal depression

 Yes

95

12 (12.6%)

83 (87.4%)

 No

250

23 (9.2%)

227 (90.8%)

Delivery method

 Vaginal

197

21 (10.7%)

176 (89.3%)

 Cesarean

148

14 (9.5%)

134 (90.5%)

Preterm delivery

 Yes

25

5 (20.0%)

20 (80.0%)

 No

320

30 (9.4%)

290 (90.6%)

Uterine infection

 Yes

12

2 (16.7%)

10 (83.3%)

 No

333

33 (9.9%)

300 (90.1%)

Placenta previa

 Yes

12

2 (16.7%)

10 (83.3%)

 No

333

33 (9.9%)

300 (90.1%)

Gestational age

39.14

38.86

39.29

(38.43–39.86)

(37.43–39.29)

(38.57–40.00)

Birth weight

3.15 (2.95–3.40)

2.65 (2.40–2.75)

3.20 (3.00–3.45)

Gender of infants

 Male

177

20 (11.3%)

157 (88.7%)

 Female

168

15 (8.9%)

153 (91.1%)