Table 1 Baseline characteristic of studies included in the systematic review and meta-analysis
Study | Publication year | Country | Sample size | Mean age (years) | Anesthesia | Intervention | Control | Temperature site | Hypothermia Cutoff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Horn [19] | 2002 | US | 30 | 32.0 | Epidural | FAW on upper body with 15- minute pre-operation warming on full body, i.v. warm fluids | Cotton blanket, i.v. warm fluids | Tympanic and skin | NA |
Fallis [20] | 2006 | Canada | 62 | 30.0 | Spinal | FAW on upper body, i.v. warm fluids | Cotton blanket, i.v. warm fluids | Oral | 36.5 |
Butwick [21] | 2007 | US | 30 | 34.0 | Spinal | FAW on lower extremities | FAW blanket turned off | Oral | 35.5 |
Chung [22] | 2012 | Korea | 30 | 32.2 | Spinal | FAW on upper body with, i.v. warm fluids 15-minute pre-op warming | FAW blanket turned off | Tympanic and skin | NA |
Horn [23] | 2014 | Germany | 40 | 31.0 | Spinal | FAW on upper body | Warm blankets | Oral and skin | 36.0 |
Paris [24] | 2014 | US | 226 | 31.7 | Spinal | Underbody conductive heat mat, i.v. warm fluids with pre-op warming | Warm blankets | Oral and bladder | 36.0 |
Chakladar [25] | 2014 | UK | 116 | 34.0 | Spinal, epidural, and general | Underbody conductive heat mat, i.v. warm fluids if> 500 ml administered | Cotton sheet, warm fluids if> 500 ml administered | Tympanic | 36.0 |
Grant [26] | 2015 | US | 484 | NA | Spinal, combined spinal-epidural, general | Underbody conductive heat mat, warm blanket, reflective cap, i.v.warm irrigation fluids | Warm blanket, reflective cap, i.v.warm irrigation fluids | Oral and bladder | 36.0 |
Cobb [27] | 2016 | US | 46 | 31.5 | Spinal | FAW on lower extremities, i.v. warm fluids | Cotton blankets | Temporal artery and bladder | 36.0 |
de Bernardis [28] | 2016 | Brazil | 40 | 28.8 | Spinal | FAW from a thermal gown | Regular blankets | Tympanic | 36.0 |
Chebbout [29] | 2017 | UK | 87 | 31.8 | Spinal | FAW and i.v. warm fluids | i.v. warm fluids | Oral | 36.5 |
Munday [30] | 2018 | Australia | 50 | 33.5 | Spinal, Epidural | FAW and i.v. warm fluids | i.v. warm fluids | Tympanic and bladder | 36.0 |