Table 1 Summary of cases in the literature
From: Rusty pipe syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
Literature | Age | G/P | GW (weeks) | Bilateral or unilateral | Time of onset | Resolution of bleeding | Cytology | Imaging results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This paper | 31 | 1/1 | 39 | bilateral | 36th week at pregnancy | 6 day postnatal | inflammatory cells, polynuclear macrophages and epithelial cells | lobular hyperplasia and mild ductal ectasia |
Katarzyna et al.2022 [3] | 29 | 1/1 | 40 | bilateral | day 1 after delivery | 5 day postnatal | amorphous acidophilous content, mononuclear macrophages, erythrocytes | NA |
Low et al.2021 [4] | 30 | 1/1 | NA | bilateral | first hour after delivery | 5 day postnatal | NA | NA |
Kural et al.2020 [5] | 28 | 1/1 | 40 | bilateral | day 2 after delivery | within 72 h | NA | NA |
Anil et al.2020 [6] | 23 | 1/1 | NA | bilateral | first hour after delivery | 4 day postnatal | NA | normal |
Mohamad et al.2020 [7] | 29 | 1/1 | 38 | bilateral | NA | 6 day postnatal | normal | bilateral simple breast cyst |
Francini et al.2018 [8] | 29 | 1/1 | 38 | bilateral | first hour after delivery | within 24 h | NA | sparse bilateral breast cyst |
Ersin et al.2017 [9] | 28 | 1/1 | 33 | bilateral | first hour after delivery | 7 day postnatal | normal | normal |
Barco et al.2014 [16] | 26 | 1/1 | 40 | bilateral | 32nd week at pregnancy | 10 day postnatal | Red blood cells, histiocytes and foam cells | dense breast tissue, mild duct ectasia |
Silva et al.2014 [10] | 31 | 1/1 | 39 | bilateral | first hour after delivery | 4 day postnatal | normal | normal |
Cizmeci et al.2013 [11] | 28 | 1/1 | 40 | bilateral | day 2 after delivery | within 72 h | NA | NA |
Usharani et al. 2013 [12] | 21 | 1/1 | NA | bilateral | 12 h after delivery | 5 day postnatal | NA | NA |
Faridi et al.2013 case1 [13] | 28 | 2/2 | 38 | bilateral | first hour after delivery | 7 day postnatal | red blood cells, foamy macrophages | normal |
Faridi et al.2013 case2 [13] | 27 | 1/1 | 37 | bilateral | 7 month at gestation | 7 day postnatal | red blood cells | NA |
Moreau et al.2013 [14] | 22 | 1/1 | 40 | bilateral | 26 week at gestation | 4 day postnatal | normal | dilated ducts |
Virdi et al.2001 [15] | 26 | 1/1 | NA | bilateral | 20 h after delivery | within 48 h | normal | NA |