Table 1 Maternal demographic and delivery outcome data
Total (n = 200) | Deferred cord clamping (n = 100) | Cord milking (n = 100) | P- value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age (years) | 29.8 ± 6.9 | 28.8 ± 6.6 | 30.8 ± 7.1 | 0.045* |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30.2 ± 5.6 | 28.9 ± 4.4 | 31.5 ± 6.3 | 0.001* |
Parity | 2 (0–4) | 0 (0–3) | 2 (0–4) | 0.106 |
Level of antenatal care | ||||
Unbooked | 50 (25%) | 26 (26%) | 24 (24%) | 0.529 |
Less than 4 visits | 68 (34%) | 37 (37%) | 31(31%) | |
4–8 visits | 82 (41%) | 37 (37%) | 45 (45%) | |
Medical disorders | 15 (7.5%) | 7 (7%) | 8 (8%) | 0.435 |
Diabetes mellitus | 7 (3.5%) | 4 (4%) | 3 (3%) | |
Hypertensive disorders | 6 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 4 (4%) | |
Sickle cell disease | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | |
Preterm premature rupture of membranes | 59 (29.5%) | 36 (36%) | 23 (23%) | 0.062 |
Gestational age (weeks) | 31.9 ± 2.4 | 32.1 ± 2.2 | 31.4 ± 2.5 | 0.022* |
24- < 28 | 15 (7.5%) | 5 (5%) | 10 (10%) | 0.037* |
28- < 32 | 52 (26.0%) | 20 (20%) | 32 (32%) | |
32-< 35 | 133 (66.5%) | 75 (75%) | 58 (58%) | |
Birth weight (gram) | 1677 ± 519 | 1781 ± 483 | 1573 ± 534 | 0.004* |
Arterial blood PH | 7.2 ± 0.08 | 7.2 ± 0.09 | 7.2 ± 0.08 | 0.056 |
PH less than 7.1 | 3 (1.5%) | 3 (3%) | 0 | 0.081 |
Apgar score | ||||
At 1 min | 7 (6–8) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (5–8) | 0.061 |
At 5 min | 8 (7–9) | 8 (8–9) | 8 (7–9) | 0.061 |
Score ≤ 6 at 1 min | 25 (12.5%) | 11 (11%) | 14 (14%) | 0.521 |
Score ≤ 6 at 5 min | 9 (4.5%) | 3 (3%) | 6 (6%) | 0.306 |
Mode of delivery | ||||
Vaginal | 77 (38.5%) | 56 (56%) | 21 (21%) | 0.000* |
Cesarean before labor onset | 49 (24.5%) | 13 (13%) | 36 (36%) | |
Cesarean after labor onset | 74 (37.0%) | 31 (31%) | 43 (43%) | |
Indication for delivery | ||||
Spontaneous | 169 (84.5%) | 89 (89%) | 80 (80%) | 0.079 |
Induced | 31(15.5%) | 11 (11%) | 20 (20%) | |
Uterotonics | ||||
Syntocinon only | 196 (98%) | 99 (99%) | 97 (97%) | 0.259 |
Syntocinon + other ecbolic | 4 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 3 (3%) | |
Blood loss | ||||
After vaginal delivery | 211 ± 100 | 206 ± 98 | 226 ± 109 | 0.448 |
After cesarean | 535 ± 142 | 506 ± 67 | 542 ± 212 | 0.053 |
Postpartum hemorrhage | 4 (2%) | 0 | 4 (4%) | 0.121 |
Time till cord clamping (seconds) | 43.4 ± 19.6 | 62.8 ± 1.6 | 24.1 ± 3.5 | 0.000* |
Maternal sepsis | 3 (1.5%) | 0 | 3 (3%) | 0.316 |
Antepartum sepsis | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Intrapartum sepsis | 1 (0.5%) | 0 | 1 (1%) | |
Postpartum sepsis | 2 (1%) | 0 | 2 (2%) | |