Table 1 Comparison of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics among individuals with and without antenatal DEP-ANX
| Â | Antenatal DEP-ANX | ||
|---|---|---|---|
No N = 184,480 | Yes N = 43,664 | Standardized difference a | |
Birth parent socio-demographic factors | |||
Birth parent age group, N (%) | Â | Â | 0.060 |
 < 20 years | 6136 (3.3) | 1610 (3.7) |  |
 20 – 24 years | 23,958 (13.0) | 5797 (13.3) |  |
 25 – 29 years | 48,480 (26.3) | 11,021 (25.2) |  |
 30 – 34 years | 62,232 (33.7) | 14,104 (32.3) |  |
35 – 39 years | 35,735 (19.4) | 8858 (20.3) |  |
 ≥ 40 years | 7939 (4.3) | 2274 (5.2) |  |
Neighborhood-based income quintile, N (%) | Â | Â | 0.024 |
1 | 37,931 (20.6) | 9215 (21.1) | Â |
2 | 38,793 (21.0) | 9204 (21.1) | Â |
3 | 38,433 (20.8) | 9140 (20.9) | Â |
4 | 38,792 (21.0) | 9238 (21.2) | Â |
5 | 30,531 (16.5) | 6867 (15.7) | Â |
Marital status, N (%) | Â | Â | 0.145 * |
Divorced | 2760 (1.5) | 926 (2.1) | Â |
Married | 128,164 (69.5) | 27,473 (62.9) | Â |
Never married | 36,243 (19.6) | 10,321 (23.6) | Â |
Other | 14,493 (7.9) | 3925 (9.0) | Â |
Single | 2820 (1.5) | 1019 (2.3) | Â |
Coparent status | Â | Â | Â |
Coparent listed, N (%) | 178,246 (96.6) | 41,219 (94.4) | 0.107 * |
Coparent age (years), Mean (SD) | 33.5 (6.3) | 33.7 (6.6) | 0.036 |
Number of living children, N (%) | Â | Â | 0.086 |
0 | 80,664 (43.7) | 20,789 (47.6) | Â |
1 | 69,341 (37.6) | 14,748 (33.8) | Â |
2 | 23,917 (13.0) | 5627 (12.9) | Â |
3 | 6987 (3.8) | 1692 (3.9) | Â |
4 or more | 3571 (1.9) | 808 (1.9) | Â |
Pregnancy characteristics and risk factors | |||
Year of birth, N (%) | Â | Â | 0.035 |
  < 2008 | 46,504 (25.2) | 11,452 (26.2) |  |
 2008 – 2010 | 67,685 (36.7) | 16,298 (37.3) |  |
  > 2010 | 70,291 (38.1) | 15,914 (36.4) |  |
Smoking status during pregnancy, N (%) | Â | Â | 0.127 * |
No history of smoking | 152,610 (82.7) | 33,947 (77.7) | Â |
Continued during pregnancy | 15,947 (8.6) | 5104 (11.7) | Â |
Discontinued during pregnancy | 15,923 (8.6) | 4613 (10.6) | Â |
History of premature birth, N (%) | 7641 (4.1) | 1983 (4.5) | 0.020 |
Nulliparous, N (%) | 79,464 (43.1) | 20,423 (46.8) | 0.074 |
Preconception BMI, N (%) b | Â | Â | 0.066 |
< 18.5 (underweight) | 6193 (3.4) | 1523 (3.5) |  |
18.5 – 24.99 (normal) | 77,149 (41.8) | 18,000 (41.2) |  |
25.0 – 29.99 (overweight) | 28,378 (15.4) | 7166 (16.4) |  |
≥ 30 (obese) | 18,167 (9.8) | 4948 (11.3) |  |
Missing | 54,593 (29.6) | 12,027 (27.5) | Â |
Gestational diabetes, N (%) | 15,102 (8.2) | 4180 (9.6) | 0.049 |
Insulin-dependent | 4155 (2.3) | 1232 (2.8) | 0.036 |
Non-insulin dependent | 10,947 (5.9) | 2948 (6.8) | 0.034 |
Hypertension, N (%) | |||
 Pregnancy-induced | 9167 (5.0) | 2560 (5.9) | 0.040 |
 Other c | 6017 (3.3) | 1607 (3.7) | 0.023 |
Prenatal care, N (%) | |||
  ≥ 10 prenatal visits | 58,805 (31.9) | 16,148 (37.0) | 0.108 * |
 Prior hospital admission | 16,573 (9.0) | 5361 (12.3) | 0.107 * |
IUGR, N (%) | 3047 (1.7) | 815 (1.9) | 0.016 |
Nature of labor, N (%) | |||
 Vaginal delivery | 129,673 (70.3) | 29,538 (67.6) | 0.057 |
 Induced labor | 37,292 (20.2) | 9651 (22.1) | 0.046 |
 Midwifery care | 27,286 (14.8) | 4521 (10.4) | 0.134 * |
Postpartum and neonatal characteristics | |||
Infant sex, N (%) | 89,827 (48.7) | 21,095 (48.3) | 0.008 |
Gestational age (weeks), mean (SD) | 38.7 (1.9) | 38.6 (2.0) | 0.067 |
Size at birth d | |||
 Small-for-gestational-age, N (%) e | 15,701 (8.5) | 3858 (8.8) | 0.012 |
 Large-for-gestational-age, N (%) f | 19,883 (10.8) | 4725 (10.8) | 0.001 |
Admission to NICU, N (%) | 4454 (2.4) | 1317 (3.0) | 0.037 |
Preterm birth, N (%) | 14,404 (7.8) | 3978 (9.1) | 0.047 |