Skip to main content

Table 1 Development of the preliminary 41 items and steps taken for item reduction

From: Development and initial validation of a Swedish inventory to screen for symptoms of deficient perineum in women after vaginal childbirth: ‘Karolinska Symptoms After Perineal Tear Inventory’

Development of the inventory

    

Psychometric evaluation

  

Final version

Constructed items

CVR

Advisory Panel

Think aloud

Item

PCA

Components

Clinical

round table

PCA

Correlations

 

Do you feel that your vaginal opening is too wide/loose or too big?

1

No changes

*Do you feel that your vagina is too wide/loose?

1

Component 7

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

Do you have a feeling of looseness deeper down, inside the vagina?

0.6

No changes

*Do you have a feeling of looseness deep inside the vagina?

2

Component 7

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

Do you feel that your vaginal opening is too narrow/tight or too small?

-0.2

Dismissed due to CVR < 0

      

Are you experiencing discomfort because you feel your vaginal opening is exposed or unprotected?

0.6

No changes

No changes

3

Component 7

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you experiencing that your genital area is cold because your vaginal opening is exposed or unprotected?

4

Component 10

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by air or a sensation of draft in the genital area?

5

Component 1

Dismissed

  

Are you bothered by air filling the vagina?

0.6

No changes

*Are you bothered by air entering the vagina?

6

Component 1

Retained

Correlated (r = 0.62) with item 9

Retained

   

 + Are you bothered by air entering the vagina when you are at rest?

7

Component 1

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by air entering the vagina during exertion?

8

Component 1

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by air entering the vagina when you have sex?

9

Component 8

Retained

Correlated (r = 0.62) with item 2

Dismissed

Are you bothered by sounds caused by air escaping from the vagina (vaginal flatulence)?

1

No changes

No changes

10

Component 1

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

   

 + Are you bothered by vaginal flatulence while at rest?

11

Component 1

   
   

 + Are you bothered by vaginal flatulence during exertion?

12

Component 1

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by vaginal flatulence during sex?

13

Component 8

Dismissed

  
   

 + Do you experience difficulties defecating?

14

Component 4

Dismissed

  

Do you need to use your fingers to apply pressure from inside the vagina or around the anus to empty your bowel?

1

No changes

*Do you need to use your fingers to apply pressure from inside the vagina or around the anus to defecate?

15

Component 9

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

   

 + Do you need to use your fingers to apply pressure from inside the vagina or around the anus to release anal flatulence?

16

Component 4

   

Do you have to sit or stand in a particular position to be able to defecate?

0.6

No changes

No changes

17

Component 4

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

   

 + Does it make it easier to defecate if you sit or stand in a particular position?

18

Component 4

Dismissed

  
  

 + Are you bothered by flatus incontinence?

No changes

19

Component 6

Dismissed

  
  

 + Are you bothered by leakage of loose stool?

No changes

20

Component 6

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

  

 + Are you bothered by leakage of solid stool?

No changes

21

Component 6

Dismissed

  

Are you bothered by a feeling of heaviness in the genital area?

1

No changes

No changes

22

Component 3

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

   

 + Are you bothered by a feeling of heaviness in the genital area while at rest?

23

Component 3

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by a feeling of heaviness in the genital area during exertion?

24

Component 3

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by a feeling of heaviness in the genital area during sex?

25

Component 3

Dismissed

  

Are you bothered by a chafing sensation in the genital area?

-0.2

Dismissed due to CVR < 0

      

Are you bothered by pain in the genital area?

0.6

No changes

No changes

26

Component 2

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by pain in the genital area while at rest?

27

Component 2

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by pain in the genital area during exertion?

28

Component 2

Dismissed

  
   

 + Are you bothered by pain in the genital area during sex?

29

Component 2

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

Are you bothered by pain in the vaginal opening when something enters the vagina?

0.6

No changes

No changes

30

Component 2

Dismissed

  
   

 + Have you ever experienced a vaginal orgasm?

31

Not included in PCA due to binary response

   

Are you having difficulties experiencing a vaginal orgasm?

1

No changes

No changes

32

Not included in PCA due to missing data

(> 50%)

   

Are you experiencing genital discomfort that limits your sexual activity?

1

No changes

No changes

33

Component 5

Retained

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

  

 + Has your libido/sexual desire decreased due to changes in your genital area after delivery?

*Are you experiencing genital problems that limit your libido (sexual desire)?

34

Component 5

Dismissed

  
   

 + Do you have penetrative sex?

35

Not included in PCA due to binary response

   
   

 + Are your genital problems the reason you avoid penetrative sex?

36

Not included in PCA due to binary response

   

Are you bothered by pain in the genital area when you have sex?

0.6

No changes

*Are you bothered by pain in the genital area when you have penetrative sex?

37

Component 2

Dismissed

  

Are you bothered by pain in the genital area after you have sex?

0.2

No changes

* Are you bothered by pain in the genital area after penetrative sex?

38

Component 9

Dismissed

  

Do you have decreased sensation in the genitals during sex?

1

No changes

*Do you have decreased sensation in the genitals during penetrative sex?

39

Component 5

Dismissed

  
   

 + Do you have increased sensation in the genitals during penetrative sex?

40

Component 7

Dismissed

  

Are you experiencing genital discomfort that affects your quality of life?

1

No changes

No changes

41

Component 3

Retained based on clinical relevance

r < 0.6 for all items

Retained

  1. CVR Content validity ratio, CVR > 0 items retained, *: Rephrased item, + : Added item. PCA = principal component analysis; Items with the highest absolute loadings on each component and items with absolute loadings > 0.55 were retained. If two or more items correlated highly, using a threshold of r > 0.6, selection of these items was once again discussed in a round table session. The final choice was based on interpretable results and clinical benefit