Table 1 Baseline characteristics by randomized group
From: Preventing hemorrhoids during pregnancy: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial
Control (N = 130) | Intervention (N = 130) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic variables | |||
Age [mean ± SD] | 30.3 ± 4.6 | 30.1 ± 4.5 | 0.746 |
BMI (before pregnancy) [median [Q1;Q3]] | 22.1 [20.7;25.0] | 21.5 [19.8;24.4] | 0.083 |
Marital status [n (%)] | 0.140 | ||
Married | 95 (73.1) | 102 (78.5) | |
Partnership | 26 (20.0) | 15 (11.5) | |
Lonely | 9 (6.9) | 13 (10.0) | |
Education [n (%)] | 0.012 | ||
Secondary | 16 (12.3) | 17 (13.1) | |
Special secondary | 22 (16.9) | 6 (4.6) | |
Unfinished higher | 14 (10.8) | 21 (16.2) | |
Higher | 78 (60.0) | 86 (66.2) | |
Living conditions [n (%)] | 0.516 | ||
Satisfactory | 21 (16.2) | 25 (19.2) | |
Good | 109 (83.8) | 105 (80.8) | |
Living area [n (%)] | 0.201 | ||
Rural | 28 (21.5) | 20 (15.4) | |
Urban | 102 (78.5) | 110 (84.6) | |
Monthly income [n (%)] | 0.653 | ||
< 300 euro | 10 (7.7) | 12 (9.2) | |
300–500 euro | 34 (26.2) | 28 (21.5) | |
> 500 euro | 86 (66.2) | 90 (69.2) | |
Physical activity [n (%)] | 0.901 | ||
Too low | 70 (53.8) | 68 (52.3) | |
Enough | 60 (46.2) | 62 (47.7) | |
Obstetric variables | |||
Menarche [median [Q1;Q3]] | 13.0 [12.0;14.0] | 13.0 [12.0;14.0] | 0.855 |
Number of previous pregnancies [n (%)] | 0.141 | ||
0 | 63 (48.5) | 53 (40.8) | |
1 | 44 (33.8) | 38 (29.2) | |
2 | 17 (13.1) | 28 (21.5) | |
3 and more | 6 (4.6) | 11 (8.5) | |
Outcomes of previous delivery [n (%)] | 0.536 | ||
Did not give birth | 72 (55.4) | 63 (48.5) | |
Vaginal delivery | 46 (35.4) | 53 (40.8) | |
Cesarean delivery | 12 (9.2) | 14 (10.8) | |
Previous perineal tear [n (%)] | 16 (12.3) | 14 (10.8) | 0.698 |
Previous episiotomy [n (%)] | 26 (20.0) | 26 (20.0) | 1.000 |
Coloproctological variables | |||
History of hemorrhoids [n (%)] | 13 (10.0) | 15 (11.5) | 0.842 |
Current perianal discomfort [n (%)] | 29 (22.3) | 33 (25.4) | 0.560 |
Current perianal pain [n (%)] | 6 (4.6) | 16 (12.3) | 0.026 |
Current perianal bleeding [n (%)] | 5 (3.8) | 9 (6.9) | 0.272 |
Current perianal lumps [n (%)] | 14 (10.8) | 14 (10.8) | 1.000 |
Constipation [n (%)] | 20 (15.4) | 30 (23.1) | 0.116 |
History of perianal operations [n (%)] | 1 (0.8) | 3 (2.3) | 0.622 |
Family history of perianal disease [n (%)] | 25 (19.2) | 32 (24.6) | 0.294 |