Table 1 Distribution of the sample characteristics, NDHS 2018

Age (years)

Decision on respondent's healthcare

  15 – 24

4,790(23.8)

  Husband/partner alone and other

11,971(59.6)

  25 – 34

9,624(47.9)

  Respondent and partner

6,382(31.8)

  35 + 

5,686(28.3)

  Respondent alone

1,747(8.7)

Educational attainment

Decision on large household purchase

  No education

9,206(45.8)

  Husband/partner alone and other

12,580(62.6)

  Primary

3,075(15.3)

  Respondent and partner

6,579(32.7)

  Secondary or higher

7,819(38.9)

  Respondent alone

941(4.7)

Employment status

Decision on how to spend respondent's earnings

  Not working

6,496(32.3)

  Husband/partner alone and other

1,110(9.3)

  currently working

13,604(67.7)

  Respondent and partner

2,416(20.3)

Wealth quintile

  Respondent alone

8,398(70.4)

  Lowest

9,362(46.6)

Decision on visits to family or relatives

  Middle

4,149(20.6)

  Husband/partner alone and other

8,821(43.9)

  Highest

6,589(32.8)

  Respondent and partner

8,826(43.9)

Place of residence

  Respondent alone

2,453(12.2)

  Urban

6,918(34.4)

Timing of first ANC visit

  Rural

13,182(65.6)

    < 4 months

11,393(75.9)

Region

   4 months and above

3,628(24.2)

  North-central

3,617(18.0)

Number of ANC visit

  North-east

4,241(21.1)

   < 8 times

11,393(75.8)

  North-west

6,136(30.5)

  8 times and above

3,628(24.2)

  South-east

2,083(10.4)

Place of delivery

  South-south

1,755(8.7)

  Home

11,691(58.2)

  South-west

2,268(11.3)

  Health facility

8,409(41.8)