Which elements were significant in reducing obstetric anal sphincter injury? A prospective follow-up study

Table 3 Intervention - the single elements of the OASI care bundle and the incidence of OASI according to parity

	Whole care bundle present		Communication present		Visible perineum present		Hand on fetal head present		Perineal support present		Certification present
	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes
Total group (no.)	3159	7224	845	9538	954	9429	513	9870	1780	8603	1177	9206
OASI (no.)	72	123	12	183	21	174	28	167	47	148	14	181
%	2.3	1.7 *	1.4	1.9	2.2	1.8	5.5	1.7 **	2.6	1.7 *	1.2	2.0
RR	1.0	0.75	1.0	1.35	1.0	0.84	1.0	0.31	1.0	0.65	1.0	1.65
95% CI	1.0	0.6-0.99	1.0	0.8-2.4	1.0	0.5-1.3	1.0	0.2-0.5	1.0	0.5-0.9	1.0	0.96-2.8
Nulliparous (no.)	1121	3263	173	4211	270	4114	212	4172	584	3800	462	3922
OASI (no.)	59	83	9	133	15	127	23	119	38	104	11	131
%	5.3	2.5 **	5.2	3.2	5.6	3.1 **	10.8	2.9 **	6.5	2.7 **	2.4	3.3
RR	1.0	0.48	1.0	0.61	1.0	0.55	1.0	0.26	1.0	0.42	1.0	1.4
95% CI	1.0	0.4-0.7	1.0	0.3-1.2	1.0	0.3-0.9	1.0	0.2-0.4	1.0	0.3-0.6	1.0	0.8-2.6
Multiparous (no.)	2038	3961	672	5327	684	5315	301	5698	1196	4803	715	5284
OASI (no.)	13	40	3	50	6	47	5	48	9	44	3	50
%	0.6	1.0	0.4	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.4	0.9
RR	1.0	1.6	1.0	2.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.5	1.0	1.2	1.0	2.3
95% CI	1.0	0.9-3.0	1.0	0.8-6.7	1.0	0.4-2.3	1.0	0.2-1.3	1.0	0.6-2.5	1.0	0.7-7.2

Element not present: All combinations of the elements of the care bundle except the element in question. Element present: All combinations of the elements in the care bundle including the element in question. RR relative risk, CI confidence interval. Yes vs. No: * = p < 0.05. ** = p < 0.01. Herning Hospital, Denmark, 2016-2019

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