Table 2 Fatty acid concentration of maternal serum during pregnancy period from the first trimester to third trimester

 Lauric acid (C12:0)

n = 444

40.14 ± 10.61

60.19 ± 28.26

< 0.0001

56.33 ± 76.07

 Myristic acid (C14:0)

n = 450

118.16 ± 49.07

207.80 ± 80.31

< 0.0001

96.32 ± 94.19

 Palmitic acid (C16:0)

n = 443

2904.40 ± 1403.47

8511.32 ± 4293.76

< 0.0001

234.69 ± 195.97

 Stearic acid (C18:0)

n = 451

690.31 ± 208.05

808.08 ± 202.10

< 0.0001

25.99 ± 44.26

 Total SFA

n = 444

3765.31 ± 1614.17

9625.65 ± 4574.33

< 0.0001

184.93 ± 154.49

 Palmitoleic acid (C16:1n-7)

n = 444

186.37 ± 45.88

256.66 ± 89.61

< 0.0001

42.94 ± 54.20

 Oleic acid (C18:1n-9)

n = 441

1444.74 ± 461.90

2843.85 ± 1251.92

< 0.0001

108.61 ± 100.53

 Total MUFA

n = 442

1634.54 ± 500.21

3116.39 ± 1330.86

< 0.0001

101.02 ± 93.05

 Linoleic acid (LA) (C18:2n-6)

n = 446

3355.67 ± 1230.19

6321.14 ± 2786.02

< 0.0001

107.35 ± 111.69

 Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DHGLA) (C20:3n-6)

n = 450

229.99 ± 90.64

246.20 ± 85.27

0.001

19.38 ± 53.87

 Arachidonic acid (AA) (C20:4n-6)

n = 451

830.82 ± 276.15

722.63 ± 220.05

< 0.0001

−6.33 ± 34.88

 Total n-6 PUFA

n = 444

4433.77 ± 1469.64

7278.06 ± 2919.04

< 0.0001

77.85 ± 85.91

 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (C20:5n-3)

n = 446

35.03 ± 23.95

23.88 ± 16.93

< 0.0001

−14.93 ± 68.21

 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (C22:6n-3)

n = 456

240.28 ± 73.47

236.60 ± 71.77

0.357

4.89 ± 37.7

 Total n-3 PUFA

n = 454

276.98 ± 94.07

260.52 ± 84.33

0.001

1.21 ± 38.34

Total LCFA

n = 442

10,073.15 ± 3349.07

20,480.82 ± 8335.23

< 0.0001

118.63 ± 103.14