Table 4 Demographic factors and inpatient opioid usage for all patients prescribed narcotics following vaginal delivery stratified by race

Maternal age at delivery (median (IQR)) years

27 (22–31)

29 (23–33)

0.008*

Insurance Type (n (%))

 Private Insurance

14 (13.3)

28 (65.1)

 < 0.0001*

 Public Insurance

88 (83.8)

14 (34.9)

 Other

3 (2.9)

0 (0.0)

Maternal BMI (median (IQR))

32.1 (26.6–36.9)

29.3 (25.5–35.7)

0.2

Type of delivery (n(%))

 Spontaneous

96 (91.4)

40 (93.0)

0.8

 Vacuum assisted

5 (4.8)

1 (2.3)

 Forceps assisted

4 (3.8)

2 (4.7)

Type of laceration (n (%))

 Intact

66 (64.1)

14 (32.6)

0.005*

 1^st degree

12 (11.6)

5 (11.6)

 2^nd degree

11 (10.7)

14 (32.6)

 3^rd degree

1 (1.0)

1 (2.3)

 4^th degree

1 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

 Other (peri-urethral, sulcal)

12 (11.6)

9 (20.9)

Complications (n (%))

 None

88 (83.8)

35 (81.4)

0.4

 BTL

14 (13.3)

4 (9.3)

 Cervical laceration

1 (1.0)

1 (2.3)

 Other (Episiotomy, IUFD, DVT, trauma)

2 (1.9)

3 (7.0)

Number of inpatient tablets consumed (n (%))

 0

25 (23.8)

13 (30.2)

0.7

 1

28 (26.7)

8 (18.6)

 2

13 (12.4)

5 (11.6)

 3 or more

39 (37.1)

17 (39.5)

Discharge opioid prescribing provider (n (%))

 Intern

39 (37.1)

18 (41.9)

0.8

 Resident

52 (49.5)

19 (44.2)

 Attending

14 (13.3)

6 (13.9)