Table 1 Literature search and study characteristic
Author, Year | Country | Study Design | N | Exposure (age measured) | Diagnosis of exposure | Outcome and age measured of the outcome | Effect measure | Covariates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cookson, 2009 [10] | UK, Europe | Prospective cohort study | 5810 | Anxiety symptom (32 weeks of gestation) | Crown-Crisp index | Asthma (7.5-y) | aOR = 1.03 (0.86,1.23) | Partner's self-reported anxiety symptom scores during pregnancy |
Magnus, 2017 [21] | Norway, Europe | Prospective cohort study | 63,626 | Major depression (30 weeks pregnancy) | SCL-5 | Asthma (7-y) | aOR = 1.17 (1.06,1.29) | Maternal age, parity, education, pregnancy body mass index, smoking during pregnancy, and history of asthma |
Letourneau, 2017 [22] | Canada, North America | Prospective cohort study | 242 | Anxiety (32–40 weeks of gestation) | EDS, SCL-90-R | AD (18-month) | aOR = 2.78 (1.04,7.39) | Maternal unresponsiveness and controlling, postnatal depression, social support and anxiety, pregnancy specific anxiety, maternal asthma |
Elbert, 2017 [23] | Netherlands, Europe | Prospective cohort study | 5205 | Depression (2nd trimester of pregnancy) | Brief Symptom Inventory | AD (9-10y) | 1. inhalant aOR = 2.07 (1.43,2.97) 2. food aOR = 0.75 (0.29,0.97) | Maternal age at enrollment, education, ethnic origin, parity, pet keeping, BMI at enrollment, smoking and history of allergy, eczema or asthma, and child's sex, gestational age, birth weight, child's ever breastfeeding and day care attendance |
Brew, 2018 [12] | Sweden, Europe | Retrospective cohort study | 360,526 | Depression or anxiety (continuously through preconception, pregnancy) | SCARED, SMFQ | Asthma (5-y) | aOR = 1.44 (1.34,1.56) | Sex, gestational age, birthweight, maternal age, parental country of birth, atopic status of twin 2 |
Liu, 2019 [16] | Denmar, Europe | Retrospective cohort study | 547,533 | Negative life events (1 year before conception until delivery) | ICD (10th revision) | Asthma (0 to 6-year) | 1. Early-onset transient asthma aPR = 1.02 (0.99,1.06) 2. Early-onset persistent asthma aPR = 1.04 (0.99,1.08) 3. Late-onset asthma aPR = 0.99 (0.93–1.05) | Maternal age at delivery, education at conception, smoking during pregnancy, parity, comorbidity before delivery, parental atopic status, calendar year of birth, negative life events, job demands, and job control |
Radhakrishnan, 2018 [24] | Canada, North America | Retrospective cohort study | 122,333 | Mental health service use (during pregnancy) | NA | Asthma (12-y) | aOR = 1.16 (1.12,1.20) | Maternal history of asthma, the child’s socioeconomic status using neighborhood income quintile as a proxy, urban versus rural residence at birth, sex, low birthweight, and the presence of childhood comorbid illnesses |
van der leek, 2020 [25] | Canada, North America | Retrospective cohort study | 9995 | Maternal distress (both pre and postnatal) | ICD (9th revision) | AD, Asthma (5-, 7-year) | 1. AD: aOR = 1.27 (1.11, 1.46) 2.Asthma: aOR = 1.57 (1.29,1.91) | Preterm birth, maternal age, atopy status, urban residence, infant sex and antibiotic treatment |
Hamann, 2018 [26] | Denmark, Europe | Case–control | 94,622 | Depression (during pregnancy) | HAMD | AD (before 5-y) | 1. Compared to general population: aOR = 1.12 (0.97, 1.29) 2. Compared to pediatric hospital/clinic population: aOR = 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) | Age, sex, parental AD, and socioeconomic position |