Table 2 Association between premature birth and potential risk factors
From: Assessing the association between periodontitis and premature birth: a case-control study
Variable | Cases N (%) | Controls N (%) | Total | Chi-square | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Periodontitis | |||||
 Healthy | 31 (16.8) | 229 (61.9) | 260 (46.9) | 100.9 | < 0.001 |
 Periodontitis | 154 (83.2) | 141 (38.1) | 295 (53.2) | ||
Ever used tobacco | |||||
 Yes | 5 (2.7) | 2 (0.5) | 7 (1.3) | 4.63 | 0.031 |
 No | 180 (97.3) | 368 (99.5) | 548 (98.7) | ||
Mothers’ weight (Kg) | |||||
 30–50 | 37 (20.0) | 20 (5.4) | 57 (10.3) | 29.19 | < 0.001 |
 51–75 | 143 (77.3) | 332 (89.7) | 475 (85.6) | ||
 76 & above | 5 (2.7) | 18 (4.9) | 23 (4.1) | ||
History of Malaria | |||||
 Yes | 56 (30.3) | 78 (21.1) | 134 (24.1) | 5.69 | 0.017 |
 No | 129 (69.7) | 292 (78.9) | 421 (75.9) | ||
History of urinary tract infection | |||||
 Yes | 28 (15.1) | 32 (8.7) | 60 (10.8) | 5.38 | 0.02 |
 No | 157 (84.9) | 338 (91.4) | 495 (89.2) | ||
History of respiratory tract infection | |||||
 Yes | 6 (3.2) | 5 (1.4) | 11 (2.0) | 2.27 | 0.132 |
 No | 179 (96.8) | 365 (98.7) | 544 (98.0) | ||
Other illness during pregnancy | |||||
 Yes | 5 (2.7) | 6 (1.6) | 11 (2.0) | 0.74 | 0.39 |
 No | 180 (97.3) | 364 (98.4) | 544 (98.0) | ||
History of premature delivery | |||||
 Yes | 28 (15.1) | 3 (0.8) | 31 (5.6) | 47.98 | < 0.001 |
 No | 157 (84.9) | 367 (99.2) | 524 (94.4) | ||
History of stress | |||||
 Yes | 55 (29.7) | 57 (15.4) | 112 (20.2) | 15.71 | < 0.001 |
 No | 130 (70.3) | 313 (84.6) | 443 (79.8) | ||
History of trauma | |||||
 Yes | 10 (5.4) | 12 (3.2) | 22 (4.0) | 1.514 | 0.218 |
 No | 179 (94.6) | 358 (96.8) | 533 (96.0) | ||
Violence during pregnancy | |||||
 Yes | 31 (16.8) | 19 (5.1) | 50 (9.0) | 20.321 | < 0.001 |
 No | 154 (83.2) | 351 (94.9) | 505 (91.0) | ||
Other causes of stress | |||||
 Yes | 30 (16.2) | 36 (9.7) | 66 (11.9) | 4.952 | 0.026 |
 No | 155 (83.8) | 334 (90.2) | 489 (88.9) | ||
Inter-conception period | |||||
 12–24 Months | 55 (29.7) | 52 (14.1) | 107 (19.3) | 19.474 | < 0.001 |
 Above 24 months | 130 (70.3) | 318 (86.0) | 448 (80.7) | ||