Table 3 Percentage of young married women who utilized full antenatal care by demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, India, 1990–2016
Variables | Prevalence (%) of full ANC utilization | Percentage change | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NFHS-1 | NFHS-2 | NFHS-3 | NFHS-4 | Total a | NFHS-1 to NFHS-2 | NFHS-2 to NFHS-3 | NFHS-3 to NFHS-4 | NFHS-1 to NFHS-4 | |
Type of residence | |||||||||
Rural | 21.23 | 22.19 | 26.27 | 42.53 | 34.02 | 0.96 | 4.08 | 16.26 | 21.3 |
Urban | 42.05 | 48.96 | 52.02 | 56.36 | 52.94 | 6.91 | 3.06 | 4.34 | 14.31 |
State-wise residence | |||||||||
EAG states | 9.13 | 8.78 | 14.80 | 27.69 | 20.56 | −0.35 | 6.02 | 12.89 | 18.56 |
Other states | 39.21 | 44.17 | 49.80 | 62.53 | 54.60 | 4.96 | 5.63 | 12.73 | 23.32 |
Religion | |||||||||
Hindu | 25.26 | 27.14 | 32.56 | 45.55 | 38.08 | 1.88 | 5.42 | 12.99 | 20.29 |
Muslim | 23.35 | 26.87 | 29.40 | 45.54 | 37.72 | 3.52 | 2.53 | 16.14 | 22.19 |
Others | 37.22 | 40.30 | 39.98 | 55.95 | 48.65 | 3.08 | −0.32 | 15.97 | 18.73 |
Social group | |||||||||
Scheduled caste | 20.31 | 22.06 | 27.95 | 46.20 | 37.68 | 1.75 | 5.89 | 18.25 | 25.89 |
Scheduled tribe | 15.02 | 14.69 | 21.81 | 43.41 | 33.08 | −0.33 | 7.12 | 21.6 | 28.39 |
Others | 27.80 | 31.07 | 35.12 | 46.33 | 39.51 | 3.27 | 4.05 | 11.21 | 18.53 |
Educational level | |||||||||
No Education | 14.74 | 12.36 | 14.78 | 27.15 | 18.40 | −2.38 | 2.42 | 12.37 | 12.41 |
Primary | 31.83 | 28.12 | 29.54 | 39.17 | 34.87 | −3.71 | 1.42 | 9.63 | 7.34 |
Secondary | 50.21 | 46.67 | 49.44 | 52.13 | 51.25 | −3.54 | 2.77 | 2.69 | 1.92 |
Higher | 69.27 | 70.23 | 76.35 | 58.69 | 61.74 | 0.96 | 6.12 | −17.66 | −10.58 |
Wealth Quintile | |||||||||
Poorest | 9.94 | 10.12 | 13.05 | 27.03 | 20.22 | 0.18 | 2.93 | 13.98 | 17.09 |
Poorer | 15.09 | 15.72 | 20.81 | 41.93 | 31.63 | 0.63 | 5.09 | 21.12 | 26.84 |
Middle | 24.47 | 27.10 | 33.55 | 52.02 | 42.02 | 2.63 | 6.45 | 18.47 | 27.55 |
Richer | 34.63 | 40.21 | 47.47 | 56.28 | 49.43 | 5.58 | 7.26 | 8.81 | 21.65 |
Richest | 54.74 | 59.40 | 63.76 | 61.08 | 60.11 | 4.66 | 4.36 | −2.68 | 6.34 |
Maternal age | |||||||||
≤ 19 | 23.39 | 23.92 | 30.23 | 46.50 | 36.02 | 0.53 | 6.31 | 16.27 | 23.11 |
20–24 | 27.24 | 30.46 | 33.90 | 45.73 | 39.87 | 3.22 | 3.44 | 11.83 | 18.49 |
Birth order | |||||||||
1 | 29.69 | 35.23 | 40.13 | 49.73 | 44.23 | 5.54 | 4.9 | 9.6 | 20.04 |
2 | 24.87 | 26.34 | 29.93 | 42.88 | 36.08 | 1.47 | 3.59 | 12.95 | 18.01 |
3+ | 18.21 | 14.36 | 16.96 | 33.27 | 22.62 | −3.85 | 2.6 | 16.31 | 15.06 |
Mass media exposure | |||||||||
No exposure | 12.95 | 11.29 | 14.03 | 24.95 | 17.74 | −1.66 | 2.74 | 10.92 | 12 |
Any exposure | 39.02 | 40.49 | 39.48 | 51.88 | 47.46 | 1.47 | −1.01 | 12.4 | 12.86 |
Total | 25.53 | 27.63 | 32.35 | 45.98 | 38.46 | 2.1 | 4.72 | 13.63 | 20.45 |