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Table 5 Summary of focus group responses to sensory test (27 participants)

From: Healthy pregnancies and essential fats: focus group discussions with Zambian women on dietary need and acceptability of a novel RUSF containing fish oil DHA

Attribute

Hedonic Scale* Mean (Range)

Oral Comments

Written Comments

Aroma

4.41 (1–9)

Don’t like the fish smell

Aroma needs to be changed

Bad smell

Smell is unfavorable

Aroma is not very appealing

There is a fish smell

Aroma should be changed

Texture

8.30 (4–9)

It’s okay, smooth and thick

Texture is OK

Texture is good

Flavor

7.07 (2–9)

Taste is just fine

Flavor is OK

If the peanut butter taste were stronger than the fish it could be much better

Flavor is moderately nice

Like all of the flavors

Aftertaste

4.11 (1–9)

Bad aftertaste of fish

Aftertaste is OK

Peanut butter aftertaste

Aftertaste is unfavorable

Aftertaste is not very nice

Overall

7.11 (1–9)

Pregnant and breastfeeding mothers can take it because it’s good for the child’s health

Sugar level is too much

Would eat daily without the fish smell

I like the product and everything is okay

It is good because it helps the child with development of the brain and good sight

They are all fine. It has the benefit for my baby.

The product is okay

It has got all the vitamins we need

The sample is generally good as it seems to contain all nutrients

Likes overall

7.64 (6–9)

The peanut butter taste

Like it because it has good advantages

The product helps the child

The product is okay if the fish smell can be reduced

Dislikes overall

1 (1 respondent)

Fishy/oily taste and smell

Aftertaste is not great

Smell is fishy

Texture is too thick

  1. Least squares means for the aroma, texture, flavor, aftertaste, and overall attributes of the RUSF using a 9-point hedonic scale, *where 9 = Like Extremely, 8 = Like Very Much, 7 = Like Moderately, 6 = Like Slightly, 5 = Neither Like nor Dislike, 4 = Dislike Slightly, 3 = Dislike Moderately, 2 = Dislike Very Much and 1 = Dislike Extremely. Attributes were assessed by focus group participants