|
Characteristics
|
Male hypospadias
|
|---|
|
Crude odds ratio (95% CI)
|
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
Placental perfusion
|
|
Normal
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Abnormal a
|
2.87 (1.33–6.18)
|
2.40 (1.09–5.29)
|
|
NA
|
1.10 (0.52–2.29)
|
1.12 (0.53–2.37)
|
|
Preeclampsia
|
|
No
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Yes
|
Mild
|
1.76 (0.54–5.73)
|
1.56 (0.47–5.11)
|
|
Severe
|
10.81 (3.82–30.66)
|
7.75 (2.62–22.89)
|
|
Maternal age at delivery (years)
|
|
≥ 35
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
25–34
|
0.89 (0.35–2.27)
|
0.74 (0.27–1.99)
|
|
< 25
|
–
|
–
|
|
Residence
|
|
Shanghai
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Other provinces
|
0.78 (0.36–1.67)
|
0.90 (0.41–1.96)
|
|
Parity
|
|
Nulliparous
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Multiparous
|
0.41 (0.13–1.31)
|
0.39 (0.11–1.33)
|
|
Gestational diabetes mellitus
|
|
No
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Yes
|
0.80 (0.25–2.60)
|
0.68 (0.21–2.23)
|
|
Assisted conception
|
|
No
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Yes
|
2.66 (0.64–11.02)
|
1.96 (0.45–8.55)
|
- NA Not applicable
- a Abnormal placental perfusion was defined as any one abnormality of the six markers, which otherwise were normal
