Table 4 Factors associated with Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight (n = 760)

  Prime fertility age (20–30 years)

1

1

  Teenager (15–19 years)

1.2

0.5

1.2 (0.6–2.3)

0.6

  Middle aged (>  30 years)

1.7

0.02

1.8 (1.1–2.9)

0.01

  Normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m²)

1

1

  Low BMI (<  18.5 kg/m²)

1.4

0.4

0.9 (0.4–2.4)

0.9

  High BMI (25–29.9 kg/m²)

0.6

0.03

0.5 (0.3–0.9)

0.02

  Obese (>  30 kg/m²)

0.6

0.03

0.5 (0.3–0.9)

0.01

Past history of tuberculosis

3.5

0.02

2.0 (0.6–6.6)

0.3

Past history of sexually transmitted infections

2.6

0.2

2.7 (0.6–12.2)

0.2

Syphilis

0.3

0.02

0.4 (0.1–0.9)

0.04

  Chronic

0.7

0.8

0.8 (0.09–6.7)

0.8

  PIH

1.1

0.9

0.5 (0.06–4.2)

0.5

HIV positive

1.4

0.1

1.4 (1.0–2.2)

0.1

Current Smoker

3.22

0.001

2.7 (1.3–5.8)

0.01

  Normal delivery

1

1

  Caesarian section

1.54

0.03

1.7 (1.1–2.7)

0.01

  Normal

1

1

  High (>  6.3 kg)^a

0.74

0.2

0.6 (0.4–1.03)

0.07

  Prime fertility age (20–30 years)

1

1

  Teenager (15–19 years)

1.7

0.1

1.6 (0.9–3.1)

0.1

  Middle aged (> 30 years)

1.4

0.1

1.7 (1.0–2.9)

0.07

  Normal (18.5–24.9)

1

1

  Low BMI (< 18.5 kg/m²)

1.7

0.2

1.3 (0.5–3.3)

0.5

  High BMI (25–29.9 kg/m²)

0.5

0.01

0.5 (0.3–0.8)

0.01

  Obese (>  30 kg/m²)

0.5

0.02

0.4 (0.2–0.7)

0.002

Past history of sexually transmitted infections

3.3

0.09

4.2 (1.0–18.3)

0.06

Syphilis

0.7

0.4

1.0 (0.6–1.7)

0.9

  Normotensive

1

1

  Chronic

Not available

Not available

  PIH

1.4

0.6

1.2 (0.1–10.6)

0.9

HIV Positive

1.2

0.5

1.2 (0.8–2.03)

0.4

  Non-smoker

1

1

  Current-smoker

2.4

0.03

1.9 (0.8–4.3)

0.1

  Normal delivery

1

1

  Caesarian section

1.4

0.1

1.7 (1.1–2.7)

0.03