Table 1 Home births among women in the rural areas of Ghana
Variable | Weighted N | Weighted % | Proportion of women who gave birth at home | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | p = 0.151 | |||
15–24 | 402 | 19.1 | 17.1 | |
25–34 | 981 | 46.7 | 47.4 | |
35–49 | 718 | 34.2 | 35.5 | |
Region | p < 0.001 | |||
Western | 241 | 11.5 | 9.0 | |
Central | 281 | 13.3 | 8.8 | |
Greater Accra | 77 | 3.7 | 1.5 | |
Volta | 189 | 9.0 | 8.7 | |
Eastern | 212 | 10.1 | 10.2 | |
Ashanti | 286 | 13.6 | 3.8 | |
Brong Ahafo | 190 | 9.1 | 8.6 | |
Northern | 390 | 18.5 | 32.2 | |
Upper East | 136 | 6.5 | 4.8 | |
Upper West | 100 | 4.8 | 12.3 | |
Occupation | p = 0.789 | |||
Working | 314 | 14.9 | 14.0 | |
Not working | 1787 | 85.1 | 86.0 | |
Ethnicity | p < 0.001 | |||
Akan | 872 | 41.5 | 25.5 | |
Ga/Dangme | 83 | 4.0 | 3.3 | |
Ewe | 261 | 12.4 | 10.2 | |
Guan | 45 | 2.1 | 2.2 | |
Mole Dagbani | 462 | 22.0 | 28.0 | |
Grussi | 69 | 3.3 | 4.8 | |
Gruma | 278 | 13.2 | 25.3 | |
Mande | 31 | 1.5 | 0.7 | |
Education | p < 0.001 | |||
No education | 813 | 38.7 | 58.6 | |
Primary | 456 | 21.7 | 21.3 | |
Higher | 832 | 39.6 | 20.1 | |
Wealth | p < 0.001 | |||
Poor | 1423 | 67.7 | 86.7 | |
Middle | 425 | 20.2 | 12.0 | |
Rich | 254 | 12.1 | 1.3 | |
Parity | p < 0.001 | |||
One birth | 303 | 14.4 | 9.3 | |
Two births | 340 | 16.2 | 14.2 | |
Three births | 389 | 18.5 | 16.0 | |
Four or more births | 1069 | 50.9 | 60.5 | |
Religion | p < 0.001 | |||
Christianity | 1541 | 72.9 | 63.0 | |
Islam | 367 | 17.4 | 17.9 | |
Traditionalist | 105 | 4.9 | 10.4 | |
No religion | 102 | 4.8 | 8.8 | |
Marital status | p = 0.094 | |||
Married | 1529 | 72.7 | 74.3 | |
Cohabiting | 572 | 27.3 | 25.7 | |
Sex of household head | p = 0.125 | |||
Male | 1775 | 84.5 | 87.8 | |
Female | 323 | 15.5 | 12.2 | |
ANC visits | p < 0.001 | |||
No ANC visits | 80 | 3.8 | 9.4 | |
1–3 visits | 250 | 11.9 | 20.8 | |
4 or more visits | 1771 | 84.3 | 69.8 | |
Healthcare decision making | p = 0.441 | |||
Not alone | 1636 | 77.9 | 81.2 | |
Respondent alone | 465 | 22.1 | 18.8 | |
Frequency of reading newspaper/magazine | ||||
Not at all | 1969 | 93.7 | 97.7 | p < 0.001 |
Less than once a week | 70 | 3.5 | 1.2 | |
At least once a week | 62 | 2.9 | 1.1 | |
Frequency of listening to radio | p < 0.001 | |||
Not at all | 434 | 20.7 | 29.7 | |
Less than once a week | 703 | 33.4 | 32.0 | |
At least once a week | 964 | 45.9 | 38.3 | |
Frequency of watching television | p < 0.001 | |||
Not at all | 948 | 45.1 | 63.0 | |
Less than once a week | 518 | 24.6 | 17.4 | |
At least once a week | 635 | 30.3 | 19.6 | |
Covered by NHIS | p > 0.001 | |||
No | 668 | 32.5 | 40.1 | |
Yes | 1419 | 67.5 | 59.9 | |