Table 3 Adjusted odds ratio of adverse pregnancy outcomes among women who received metformin to insulin switching therapy or metformin therapy as compared to insulin therapy
Cohort | Switching Group (n = 318)a | Metformin Group (n = 626)a |
|---|---|---|
Maternal outcome | ||
Primary cesarean section | 1.14 (0.80–1.63) | 0.57 (0.40–0.82) |
Pregnancy-related hypertension | 1.26 (0.83–1.92) | 0.92 (0.61–1.40) |
Preeclampsia | 1.24 (0.75–2.05) | 0.92 (0.57–1.49) |
Fetal outcome | ||
Preterm birth (< 37 week) | 1.21 (0.84–1.75) | 1.05 (0.69–1.59) |
Very preterm delivery (< 32 weeks) | 0.81 (0.33–2.02) | 1.01 (0.42–2.46) |
Low birth weight (< 2500 g) | 1.32 (0.76–2.29) | 1.30 (0.75–2.25) |
High birth weight (> 4000 g) | 1.47 (0.92–2.36) | 0.91 (0.54–1.53) |
Small for gestational age | – | 0.98 (0.51–1.90) |
Large for gestational age | 1.39 (0.96–2.02) | 0.99 (0.69–1.42) |
Congenital malformations | 0.75 (0.41–1.37) | 0.51 (0.27–0.94) |
Apgar score < 7 at 5 min | – | 1.55 (0.31–7.67) |
Stillbirth | – | 0.82 (0.28–2.36) |