Table 2 Association of Stressful Life Events and Social Support with Preterm Birth, NBDPS, 2006–2011
From: Periconceptional stressors and social support and risk for adverse birth outcomes
Exposures | Total (N = 4134) | Early Preterm (N = 38) | ARRa (95% CI) | Late Preterm (N = 266) | ARRa (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | No. (row %) | No. (row %) | |||
Stressful life eventsb | |||||
Relationship difficulties | |||||
No | 3432 | 27 (0.8) | Referent | 211 (6.1) | Referent |
Yes | 702 | 11 (1.6) | 1.9 (0.9,3.9) | 55 (7.8) | 1.2 (0.8,1.6) |
Legal/financial problems | |||||
No | 3577 | 31 (0.9) | Referent | 220 (6.2) | Referent |
Yes | 557 | 7 (1.3) | 1.5 (0.6,3.4) | 46 (8.3) | 1.2 (0.9,1.7) |
Violence/crime | |||||
No | 3843 | 36 (0.9) | Referent | 237 (6.2) | Referent |
Yes | 291 | 2 (0.7) | NC | 29 (10.0) | 1.5 (1.0,2.2) |
Illness/injury | |||||
No | 3550 | 32 (0.9) | Referent | 224 (6.3) | Referent |
Yes | 584 | 6 (1.0) | 1.1 (0.4,2.6) | 42 (7.2) | 1.2 (0.8,1.6) |
Death of someone close | |||||
No | 3509 | 34 (1.0) | Referent | 221 (6.3) | Referent |
Yes | 625 | 4 (0.6) | 0.6 (0.2,1.6) | 45 (7.2) | 1.1 (0.8,1.5) |
Changed jobs | |||||
No | 3111 | 29 (0.9) | Referent | 199 (6.4) | Referent |
Yes | 1023 | 9 (0.9) | 0.9 (0.4,1.9) | 67 (6.5) | 1.0 (0.7,1.3) |
Moved | |||||
No | 3429 | 30 (0.9) | Referent | 210 (6.1) | Referent |
Yes | 705 | 8 (1.1) | 1.1 (0.5,2.5) | 56 (7.9) | 1.2 (0.9,1.7) |
Feelings of nervousness and stress | |||||
Never or almost never | 1181 | 8 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.4,2.3) | 65 (5.5) | 0.9 (0.6,1.2) |
Sometimes | 1728 | 13 (0.8) | Referent | 108 (6.3) | Referent |
Somewhat or very often | 1225 | 17 (1.4) | 2.0 (1.0,4.1) | 93 (7.6) | 1.2 (0.9,1.6) |
Stress indexc | |||||
Low stress (0–3) | 3934 | 36 (0.9) | Referent | 246 (6.3) | Referent |
High stress (4–7) | 200 | 2 (1.0) | NC | 20 (10.0) | 1.4 (0.9,2.3) |
Social supportb | |||||
Emotional support | |||||
No | 505 | 7 (1.4) | Referent | 38 (7.5) | Referent |
Yes | 3629 | 31 (0.9) | 0.7 (0.3,1.7) | 228 (6.3) | 1.0 (0.7,1.4) |
Financial support | |||||
No | 601 | 7 (1.2) | Referent | 42 (7.0) | Referent |
Yes | 3533 | 31 (0.9) | 0.8 (0.3,2.0) | 224 (6.3) | 1.1 (0.8,1.5) |
Help with daily tasks | |||||
No | 573 | 5 (0.9) | Referent | 40 (7.0) | Referent |
Yes | 3561 | 33 (0.9) | 1.2 (0.4,3.1) | 226 (6.3) | 1.0 (0.7,1.5) |
Social support indexc | |||||
Low support (0–2) | 984 | 13 (1.3) | Referent | 71 (7.2) | Referent |
High support (3) | 3150 | 25 (0.8) | 0.7 (0.3,1.4) | 195 (6.2) | 1.0 (0.7,1.3) |
Stress and social support combinedd | |||||
Low stress, high support | 3039 | 24 (0.8) | Referent | 185 (6.1) | Referent |
High stress, high support | 111 | 1 (0.9) | NC | 10 (9.0) | 1.3 (0.7,2.5) |
Low stress, low support | 895 | 12 (1.3) | 1.5 (0.7,3.2) | 61 (6.8) | 1.0 (0.7,1.3) |
High stress, low support | 89 | 1 (1.1) | NC | 10 (11.2) | 1.5 (0.8,3.0) |