| |
qRT-PCR
|
Total
|
value (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
+
|
–
|
Sensitivity
|
Specificity
|
PPV
|
NPV
|
|---|
|
Microscopy
|
+
|
23
|
0
|
23
|
59.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
98.1%
|
|
–
|
16
|
819
|
835
|
(42.1–74.4)
|
(99.6–100.0)
|
(85.2–100.0)
|
(96.9–98.9)
|
|
cRDT
|
+
|
21
|
0
|
21
|
53.8%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
97.8%
|
|
–
|
18
|
819
|
837
|
(37.2–69.9)
|
(99.6–100.0)
|
(83.9–100.0)
|
(96.6–98.7)
|
|
hsRDTa
|
+
|
25
|
1
|
26
|
64.1%
|
99.9%
|
96.2%
|
98.3%
|
|
–
|
14
|
813
|
827
|
(47.2–78.8)
|
(99.3–100.0)
|
(80.4–99.9)
|
(97.2–99.1)
|
|
LAMP
|
+
|
35
|
1
|
36
|
89.7%
|
99.9%
|
97.2%
|
99.5%
|
|
–
|
4
|
818
|
822
|
(75.8–97.1)
|
(99.3–100.0)
|
(85.5–99.9)
|
(98.8–99.9)
|
|
nPCR
|
+
|
30
|
0
|
30
|
76.9%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
98.9%
|
|
–
|
9
|
819
|
828
|
(60.7–88.9)
|
(99.6–100.0)
|
(88.4–100.0)
|
(97.9–99.5)
|
- + positive, − negative, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, CI confidence interval. aFive samples with indeterminate result (not included). qRT-PCR Quantitative Reverse Transcription polymerase chain reaction, cRDT conventional rapid diagnostic test, hsRDT highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test, LAMP loop-mediated isothermal amplification, nPCR nested polymerase chain reaction
