Table 2 Pre-labour and during labour factors predictors of dissatisfaction of childbirth (n = 674)

1. Pre-labour predictors^*

Constant

–

29.7 (27.9 to 31.5)

< 0.001

–

–

–

Primiparous

− 0.215

− 2.8 (− 3.8 to − 1.8)

< 0.001

–

–

–

Sexual violence during pregnancy

− 0.179

− 3.7 (− 5.4 to − 2.0)

< 0.001

–

–

–

Gestational age of 40⁰–41⁶ w (Ref: 37⁰–39⁶)

− 0.138

− 1.9 (− 2.8 to − 0.9)

< 0.001

–

–

–

Woman preference for Cesarean section

− 0.112

− 2.1 (− 3.6 to − 0.5)

0.003

–

–

–

Emotional violence during pregnancy

− 0.105

− 1.5 (− 2.7 to − 0.3)

0.012

–

–

–

No attendance at birth preparation classes

− 0.096

− 2.0 (− 3.6 to − 0.5)

0.009

–

–

–

Perceived insufficient household income

− 0.084

− 1.1 (− 2.1 to − 0.1)

0.025

–

–

–

2. During-labour predictors†

Constant

–

31.4 (30.7 to 32.2)

< 0.001

–

31.6 (30.7 to 32.4)

< 0.001

Sever anxiety state (Ref: mild)

−0.455

− 6.0 (− 6.9 to − 5. 2)

< 0.001

–

–

–

Labour dystocia

− 0.301

− 3.9 (− 4.7 to − 3.1)

< 0.001

− 0.382

− 4.9 (− 5.7 to − 4.1)

< 0.001

High fear

–

–

–

− 0.239

− 3.1 (− 3.8 to − 2.5)

< 0.001

Moderate anxiety state (Ref: mild)

−0.236

−3.5 (− 4.2 to − 2.8)

< 0.001

–

–

–

Insufficient support by staff

−0.139

−2.7 (− 3.4 to − 1.9)

< 0.001

−0.177

−3.1 (− 3.91 to − 2.3)

< 0.001

 Vaginal birth with episiotomy and tear

− 0.139

−3.8 (− 4.9 to − 2.5)

< 0.001

−0.158

−4.3 (− 5.6 to − 3.0)

< 0.001

 Emergency cesarean section

− 0.113

− 2.9 (− 4.2 to − 1.7)

< 0.001

− 0.134

− 3.5 (− 4.8 to − 2.2)

0.001

 Vaginal birth with episiotomy or tear

− 0.055

− 0.8 (− 1.6 to − 0.1)

0.034

− 0.064

− 1.0 (− 1.8 to − 0.1)

0.021

 Labour induction with oxytocin

−0.098

− 1.3)- 1.9 to − 0.7)

< 0.001

−0.103

−1.3)- 2.0 to − 0.7)

< 0.001

 Labour augmentation with oxytocin

–

–

–

− 0.076

−1.1 (− 1.8 to − 0.3)

0.004

 Dehydration + 3 h

− 0.058

−1.3 (− 2.3 to − 0.3)

0.008

−0.073

−1.7 (− 2.7 to − 0.7)

0.002

 Dehydration < 3 h

−0.045

− 0.6 (− 1.2 to − 0.03)

0.039

−0.045

− 0.6 (− 1.2 to 0.01)

0.053

3. Overall predictors^‡

Constant

–

31.4 (30.8 to 31.8)

< 0.001

–

31.3 (30.8 to 31.9)

< 0.001

Severe anxiety state (Ref: mild)

−0.426

−5.6 (− 6.5 to − 4.8)

< 0.001

–

–

–

Labour dystocia

−0.324

−4.2 (− 5.0 to − 3.4)

< 0.001

−0.414

−5.4 (− 6.15 to − 4.6)

< 0.001

Moderate anxiety state (Ref: mild)

−0.222

−3.3 (− 4.0 to − 2.6)

< 0.001

–

–

–

High fear

–

–

–

− 0.239

− 2.8 (− 3.4- to − 2.1)

< 0.001

Insufficient support by staff

−0.157

− 2.7 (− 3.5 to − 2.0)

< 0.001

−0.183

− 3.2 (− 3.10 to − 2.4)

< 0.001

 Vaginal birth with episiotomy and tear

− 0.109

− 2.9 (− 3.9 to − 1.9)

< 0.001

− 0.123

− 3.3 (− 4.4 to − 2.3)

< 0.001

 Emergency caesarean section

−0.076

−2.0 (− 3.0 to − 1.0)

< 0.001

−0.088

−2.3 (− 3.3 to − 1.2)

< 0.001

Primiparous

− 0.093

−1.2 (− 1.7 to − 0.7)

< 0.001

− 0.105

−1.4 (− 1.9 to − 0.8)

< 0.001

Labour induction

− 0.088

−1.1)- 1.7 to − 0.5)

< 0.001

− 0.098

−1.3)- 2.0 to − 0.6)

< 0.001

Labour augmentation

–

–

–

− 0.079

−1.1 (− 1.8 to − 0.4)

0.002

Sexual violence during pregnancy

−0.060

−1.2 (− 2.1 to − 0.4)

0.003

−0.062

−1.3 (− 2.2 to − 0.4)

0.004

Woman dehydration + 3 h (Ref: no dehydration)

−0.047

−1.1 (− 2.1 to − 0.1)

0.029

−0.049

−1.1 (− 2.1 to − 0.2)

0.022

Woman dehydration < 3 h (Ref: no dehydration)

−0.036

− 0.5 (− 1.1 to 0.07)

0.099

–

–

–